UMASS/AMHERST 


2066  0333  2841  7 


Wm.  R.  Prince  &  Co. 

Prince's  descriptive  catalogue  of  foreign  and  native. 


Special 

Collection 

SB 

115 

W6 

P75 

1859 


Hollinger  Corp. 
pH8.5 


X 


r^^i;t^^Ky' 


'^  S   AUTUMN  1859  AND  SPRING  1860. 


PRINCE'S 

OF 

FOREIGN     AND     NATIVE 

GRAPE  VINES, 

FOK 

'^    GARDENS,     GRAPERIES,     AND    VINEYARDS, 

WITH  REMARKS  ON  THE[R  CULTURE. 

WM.   R.   PRINCE  &   CO., 

Liune^an  Botanic  Garden  and  Nurseries, 

FLUSHlNa,  near  New  York. 


"The  vine,  too,  here  her  curling  tendrils  shoots 
Hangs  out  her  clusters  glowing  to  the  South, 
And  scarcely  wishes  for  a  warmer  sky." 


FORTY-FOURTH  EDITION. 


TilANSPLa.JfriNG   AND    FOR  WARDING    GRAPE   VINES, 

Grape  Vines  can  be  safely  transplanted  from  the  first  of  October  to  May ;  and  no  class  of 
plants  is  more  retentive  of  vitality,  or  more  sure  to  succeed.  During  Winter  we  keep  a  stock 
planted  in  cellars,  ready  for  immediate  transplanting.  Es'ery  variety  is  accurately  labeled,  and 
carefuU}'  packed,  and  the  packages  forwarded  by  K.\press,  or  otherwise,  as  requested,  and  a  receipt 
taken  from  the  Transportation  Co.  and  forwarded  to  the  purchaser  with  the  invoice.  Remit- 
tances can  be  made  by  check  through  the  mail,  but  Bank  Notes  should  be  sent  by  Express. 

Books  Recommended — Allen's  "Practical  Treatise  on  the  Culture  of  the  Grape;" 
Prince's  "  Treatise  on  the  \'me,"^(inpreparatio}i,)  $1. 


i^cS^^^S^ 


UNIVERSITY  OF  MASSACHUSETTS 
AT  AMHERST 


UNIVERSITY  LIBRARY 

Special  Collections  &  Rare  Books 


*      *"**.. 


% 


PREFATORY  REMARKS. 


The  present  Descriptive  Catalogue,  although  very  full  and  complete  in  many  departments  is 
-unply  a  business  publication;  it  being  the  intention  of  the  writer  to  publish  a  "General  Treatise 
on  the  Vine    hereafter.  ^  ^     lai  iieauje 

It  is  divided  into  two  sections — 

First,  A  Priced  Catalogue  of  all  the  Foreign  and  American  Varieties 

.S'ccowd'— Descriptions  of  Foreign  and  American  Varieties 

The  prominent  object  to  which  public  attention  is  now  called,  is  Vmemrd  culture,  for  which 
purpose  none  but  the  Indigenous  spec.es  and  varieties,  of  a  perfectly  rustic  character,  are  Lpvo- 
priate--they  alone  possessing  the  hardihood  and  the  freedom  from  mildew  and  from  otW 
objections  which  apply  invariably  to  every  Foreign  variety,  and,  so  far  as  yet  proven  to  every 
American  variety  grown  from  the  seed  of  the  tender  and  feeble  Vitis  mnifera 

No  greater  blight  could  be  inflicted  on  our  prospective  Vineyard  Culture,  than  the  recom- 
mendatic,n  for  that  object  of  such  feeble  and  unthrifty  Vines  as  the  Delaware  Rebecca  cZZ 
Emi  y,  Brinckle,  Ac.  The  failures  which  would  inevitably  result  from  suchTn  udieiou  seleSfonJ 
would  occasion  such  discouragement  to  Cultivators,  that  American  Wine-Culture  would  be  thTwn 
back  ten  years  at  least.  These  varieties,  though  possessed  of  nearly  all  the  desirable  qualities 
that  have  been  ascribed  to  them,  are  only  adapted  to  special  Garden  culture,  where  they  can  be 
Sture  ""^  ""^  protected  trellises,  but  they  will  never  succeed  in  open   unprotected  field 

la  the  Selections  to  be  made  of  Varieties  for  the  Table,  and  for  the  Vineyard  it  would  be 
unreasonabb  to  expect  that  the  qualities  most  desirable  for  each  of  these  purposes  could  be  found 
combined  in  the  same  fruit,  when  they  are  so  very  dissimilar.  The  largest,  most  tender  sweet 
and  n.e  ting  varieties  are  desired  for  the  dessert,  whereas  it  is  those  least  sweet,  but  most  brisk 
sprightly  and  aromatic,  and  often  those  quite  austere  and  astringent,  that  yield  the  choicest  wines' 
Furthermorer  there  IS  no  celebrated  Wine  grape  of  large  size,  they  all  bein|  quite  small  or  medium 
a  tact  that  can  be  rationally  expjained.  ^^um, 

Acclimcdion.—ln  this  regard  there  exist  very  erroneous  views.  No  Plant  or  Animal  has 
ever  been  acclimated  in  the  existing  race  by  any  change  of  location,  such  amelioration  attaches 
only  to  their  progeny,  beminal  reproduction  can  alone  effect  any  such  change,  and  then  only 
gra.dually-  through  succeeding  generations.  This  results  from  a  great  natural  Law,  bv  which  everV 
Animal,  Tree,  or  Plant,  partakes  in  a  degree  of  the  character  of  the  climate  and  soil  where  it  is 
generated. 

The  accliniatiou  and  improvement  of  the  Persian  Grape  (Vitis  vinikera)  to  its  present  condition 
111  trance  has  been  a  labor  of  2000  years,  and  to  render  it  hardy  and  vigorous  enough  to  sustain 
our  climate  (it  such  a  result  were  possible),  would  require  at  least  another  1000  years 

What  folly,  then,  would  it  be  for  us  to  look  to  the  feeble  productions  of  incongeni'al  climes  as 
the  hopeful  parents  of  a  hardy  and  vigorous  progeny  suitable  to  withstand  tiie  rigors  of  an  \mer 
lean  winter  and  the  peculiarities  of  our  summer  climate. 

Should  we  not  rather  look  to  the  robust  and  vigorous  species  of  the  Vine  which  God  himself 
has  planted  everywhere  in  the  American  forest,  and  which  spring  up  wildly  thronghout  every 
region  of  our  country,  mounting  the  loftiest  trees,  and  spreading  their  tendrils  far  and  wide  When 
the  Deity  m  his  wisdom  placed  only  one  species  of  the  Vine  in  the  Eastern  Hemisphere  and  planted 
eight  species  in  ^  orth  America,  shall  we  question  His  intelligence,  as  thus  manifested,  by  a  disreo-ard 
to  the  rich  treasure  he  has  thus  imparted  to  us !  Or  shall  we  not  rather  seek,  by  the  seminal'iiro 
ductions  which  must  result  from  our  superior  advantages,  to  obtain  new  and  exquisite  varieties 
of  the  grape  which  shall  surpass  in  size,  beauty  and  flavor,  and  especially  in  hardihood  and  robust 
character,  all  which  Europe  has  yet  been  able  to  present  either  in  the  shape  of  fruit  for  the  dessert, 
or  in  that  of  the  most  delicious  and  exhilarating  Wines?  "        ' 

It  is  now  about  forty  years  since  Wm.  Prince  named  and  introduced  the  Isabella  Grape  to  public 
'"!'«"■  1  fu  )  'r  ''"''tT*  .?  ^"PP^^^'^  ^«  be  of  Southern  origin,  but  our  investigations  have  since 
satistied  us  that  it  is  a  Northern  Vine  and  a  native  of  this  State.  In  the  year  1830  Wm  R  Prince 
aided  l>y  Wm  Prince,  published  "A  Treatise  on  the  Vine,"  a  volume  of  355  pages'octavo,  in  which 
he  demonstrated  the  fact  that  "God  has  pre-eminently  stamped  our  country  as  the  land  of  the  Vine" 
He  urged  most  ardently  upon  his  countrymen   the  immediate  formation    of  extensive  Vineyards, 


2  PREFATORY      R  E  IM  A  R  K  S  . 

for  the  attaiiinieut  of  three  objects :  First — To  increase  the  national  wealth  by  superseding  the 
vast  importation  of  adulterated  wines  and  alcoholic  mixtures.  Secondly — ^To  furnish  a  cheap  and 
innocent  domestic  bevtrage  with  the  gently  exhilarating  qualities  given  to  the  juice  of  the  grape 
by  the  Creator.  Thirdly — That  the  universal  adoption  of  a  pure  beverage,  restorative  of  physical 
and  mental  exliau>tion,  might  have  the  same  opportunity  here  of  producing  the  result  universal  in 
the  wine-producing  countries  of  Europe,  viz.,  the  extinction  of  intemperance  as  a  national  charac- 
teristic. 

But  our  country  was  not  then  prepared  to  appreciate  and  adopt  this  important  branch  of 
Agricultural  Industry. 

At  the  Third  Session  of  the  American  Pomological  Society,  held  at  Boston  in  1854,  Wm.  R. 
Prince  introduced  the  following  resolutions: — 

liesolved.  That  we  appreciate  the  wisdom  and  beneficence  of  the  Creator  in  placing  within  tiie 
bovmdaries  of  our  country  eight  distinct  species  and  innumerable  varieties  of  the  Grape,  thus  pro- 
viding means  for  the  resuscitation  of  the  human  system  by  the  most  delicious  fruits  and  gently 
exhilarating  beverages. 

Resolved,  TJiat,  while  we  deprecate  the  use  of  all  alcoholic  liquids  and  of  the  adulterated 
wines  which  are  poured  upon  our  shores  from  the  Eastern  hemisphere,  we  cannot  refrain  from 
urging  upon  Americans  the  general  culture  of  the  Grape,  and  the  formation  of  extensive  vineyards, 
in  order  thereby  to  diminish  importations,  increase  the  national  wealth,  and,  above  all,  to  furnish 
an  aiuple  supply  of  pure  American  Wines  as  the  inost  sovereit/n  preventioe  of  Intemperance. 


Pkickd  Catalogues,  which  are  sent  to  purchasers  of  Trees,  and  to  applicants  who  enclose 
stamps: — No.  1,  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Fruit  and  Ornamental  Trees,  Shrubs,  and  Plants.  No.  2, 
Roses,  Carnations,  Chrysanthemums,  Phlox,  Iris,  Double  Sweet  Williams,  and  all  o(her  Herbaceous 
Flowering  Plants,  <fec.  No.  3,  Extra  large  Fruit  Trees,  Evergreens,  and  other  Ornamental  Trees  and 
Slirubs,  suitable  for  immediate  fruit-bearing  and  embellishment.  No.  4,  Wholesale  Catalogue  for 
Nurseries  and  Dealers,  comprising  Trees,  Shrubs,  Roses,  Plants,  Bulbous  Flower  Roots,  Stocks  for 
Engrafting,  Pa'onies,  Dahlias,  tfec.  No.  5,  Wholesale  Catalogue  of  Vegetable,  Agricultural,  and 
Flower  Seeds,  and  Tree  and  Shrub  Seeds,  &c.  No.  6,  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  our  Unrivalled 
Collection  of  14()  Select  Varieties  of  Strawberries,  with  a  Rejected  List,  and  Directions  for  Cul- 
ture. No.  7,  Rai-e  American  Trees,  Plants,  and  Seeds,  suitable  for  sending  to  Europe.  No.  9, 
Catalogue  of  Bulbous  Flowers  of  every  Class,  together  with  Tree  and  Herbaceous  Peonies,  Dahlias, 
and  other  Rare  Flowering  Plants.  No.  11,  Directions  for  Culture  of  the  Chinese  Potato  or  Dios- 
coREA  Batatas.  No.  13,  Catalogue  of  Greenhouse  Plants.  No.  14,  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Native 
and  Foreign  Grapes.  No.  16,  (general  Priced  List  of  Fruit  Trees,  Grapes,  Raspberries,  Blackber- 
ries, Gooseberries,  Currants,  and  other  small  Fruits;  Rhubarb  and  other  ^^cwlenis,  with  Reduced 
Prices._  Books. — Prince's  Treatise  on  the  Vine,  with  Descriptions  of  Native  and  Foreign  Gi'apes, 
and  Vineyard  Culture  (new  Edition  to  be  issued),  $1.  Treatise  on  Fruits,  containing  Descriptions  of 
800  varieties  of  Fruits,  $1  50 ;  Prince's  Manual  oi  Roses,  comprising  Descriptions  of  1,000  varieties, 
new  edition,  75  cents. 


frmce's  Jestriptik  Calabgut  of  §n\ps. 


CLASS  l.-FOREIGN  GKAPES-VITIS  VINIFERA. 

These  are  in  this  latitude  suitable  only  for  culture  in  Graperies,  with  the  exception  of  a  few 
varieties  Avhich  are  sufficiently  hardy  for  training  on  walls  having  a  southern  exposure,  such  as 
the  Chasselas  of  several  varieties,  Delaware,  White  Tokay,  and  tlie  early  Burgundy  or  Morillon 
Varieties.     At  the  South  they  succeed  in  open  culture. 

This  collection  is  remarkably  select,  and  comprises  only  the  most  highly  approved  varieties. 

Prices. — These  will  in  all  cases  be  as  low  or  lower  than  any  other  Nursery  for  Vines  of  similar 
sizes.     Scions  of  many  of  the  more  plentiful  varieties  can  be  supplied  in  January. 

Vines  of  one  year,  grown  in  pots,  50  cents ;  two  years,  75  cents  ;  extra  large  vines  selected, 
$1  each.     When  a  large  number  are  wanted,  a  liberal  deduction  on  the  prices  will  be  marie. 

CHASSELAS  VARIETIES. 


1  Beach,  bcfif,  early  black,  see  class  hi. 

2  Blussard  blanc,  75c. 

3  Chasselas  de  Fontainbleau. 

Bar-sur  Auhe. 
Chasselas  dore  (of  Paris). 

4  Chasselas  de  Florence, 
fj  Chasselas  Musqu^. 

Jos!  1/71'!  S(.  Albans. 
5^  Chasselas  Vaudois,  excellent,  $1. 
0  Ciotat — Parsley  leaved. 
^^^^  Decean's  Superb. 
7   Early  White  Malvasia. 

Early  White  Muscadine. 

Early  White  Streetiuater. 

5  Colden  Chasselas  (/.  E.  Allen). 


0  Gros  Coulard. 

Prolific  Sweetwater. 
Child's  Superb  ? 

10  Macready's  Early  White. 

11  Pitaiaston  White  Cluster. 

Scotch  White  Cluster. 

12  Tokay  des  Jardins. 

13  Rose  or  Red  Chasselas. 

14  Royal  Red  Chasselas. 

15  Royal  Muscadine. 

\V7iite  Nice  or  Xercs. 

16  White  Chasselas. 

Chasselas  blanc. 

}Vhite  Sweetwater,  of  sonic 


FRONTIGNAN  ANO  OTHER  MUSCAT  VARIETIES. 


17  August  JMuscat,  very  early. 

18  Black  Frontignan. 

19  Canon  Hall  Muscat,  much  like  24. 
21 1  Early  Rhenish  Muscat. 

Petit  Raii.^chling. 

21  Early  Muscat,  Wilmot's. 

22  Early  Black  Muscat. 

23  (rrizzly  or  Red  Frontignan. 


24  Muscat  of  Alexandria,  Wliite. 

Charlesworth  Tokay. 

25  Muscat  of  Alexaudria,  Black. 
20  Muscat,  Portuguese. 

27  Muscat,  Austrian. 

28  Muscat  Violet  hatif 

Blue  Erontignan. 

29  White  Frontignan. 


OTHER  FOREIGN  GRAPES. 


30  Aleppo,  stri])ed,  75c. 

31  Aspirant  blanc.  seedless,  $1. 

32  Black  Cluster — Black  Burgundy. 

33  Black  Corinth — Zante  Ciirrant,  $1. 

34  Black  July. 

So  Black  Damascus. 
3(5  Black  Hamburg. 

37  Black  Muscadine. 

38  Black  Lombardy, 

We!<t's  St.  Pefcr. 

39  Black  Morocco — Purph  Daimisk. 

40  Black  Prince. 

41  Black  St.  Peter,  late. 

42  Black  Tripoli,  late. 

43  Bishop  (iniich  resembles  57). 

44  Bowker  {resembles  72). 

45  Chaptal. 


De  Candolle. 

Oros  Gromier  du  Cantal. 
Delaware,  (a  Swiss  variety),  has  been  sold  as 
a  native.     See  Description. 

Vines  of  different  ages  and  sizes,  $i  to  $3. 

Esperione. 

Frankendale — Erankevihal. 

Gros  Bleu,  $1. 

Gros  Guillaume,  .$1. 

Kishmish,  or  Snltanc.  %\. 

Lombardy — P'lamed  Tokay. 

Malaga  Red — Red  Lisbon,  75c. 

Red  Muscadel. 
Malaga,  White,  75c. 

White  Muscadel. 
Mill  Hill  Hamburgh. 
Portien  noir. 


A  M  E  R  I  0  A  X     1  X  n  I  a  E  N  O  g  S    GRAPES. 


58  Prince  Albert. 

Black  Barharom. 

59  Raisin  de  Calabre. 

Calabrlait  Raisin. 

60  Red  Traminer,  76c.  to  $1. 

61  Rauschliog  le  grand. 

62  Regnier  de  Nice. 

63  Richmond  Villa  Hamburgh. 

64  Syrian  White. 

65  Verdelho. 

66  Victoria  Hamburgh. 

67  White  Bual 

68  White  Burgundy. 


69  White  Corinth,  seedless. 

70  White  Gascoigne. 

71  White  Moi'oceo. 

72  White  Hamburgh. 

White  Raisin. 

73  White  Nice  or  Xeres,  see  No.  15. 

74  White  Riessling. 

75  White  Tokay. 

76  Wilmot's  Black  Hamburg,  lale. 

77  Wilmot'3  Black  Hamburgh,  No.  16. 

78  Wortley  Hall  Seedling,  late. 

79  Zinfardel,  or  Zinfindal. 


NEW  FOREIGN  GRAPES,  |1  unless  noted  otherwise. 


81  Black  Muscat  Hamburgh,  $3. 

82  Bowood  Muscat,  $2. 

83  Buckland  Sweetwater,  %\  50. 
83-i-  Champion  Hamburgh. 

84  Early  Black  Hamburgh,   large   oval,   violet, 

first  quality. 

85  Golden  Hamburgh,  Stockwood's,  $2. 

86  Green  Madeira — Vert  de  Mad^re,  large,  white, 

oval,  ho7iied  sweet,  first  quality. 

87  Lady  Downes,  (may  pi'ove  78),   large,  black 

oval,  sweet,  very  late. 

88  Madeira  Muscat,  $1  50. 

89  Marchioness  of  Hastings,  |2. 

Rejected  Foreign  Grapes:  Black  Portugal,  or  Black  Ferrar;    Miller's  Burgundy;    Palestine; 
White  St.  Peter. 


90  Morillon    de    Blerzy,    medium,    black,   first 

quality. 

91  Muscat  de  Sarbelle,  $1  50. 

92  Muscat  Fleur  d'Oranger,  large,  round,  yellow- 

ish, musky,  delicious. 

93  Muscat  de  St.  Laurent,  %\  50. 

94  Muscat  Romain,  $1. 

96  Sultanine,    from    Smyrna,    ynedium.    round, 
black,  first  quality. 

96  Schiraz,  large  black,  early,  $1. 

97  Trentham  Black,  $3. 

98  White  Morocco,  large,  white,  oval,  delicious. 


CLASS  II.-AMERICAN  INDIGENOUS  GRAPES. 

Prices. — The  prices  named  are  for  single  Vines.  When  six  or  twelve,  or  more  of  any 
variety  are  ordered,  a  reduction  will  be  made.  Extra  Large  Bearing  Vines  will  be  charged  in 
proportion  to  their  value.  As  the  prices  of  many  varieties  of  Native  Grapes  will  be  fluctuating 
according  to  the  extent  of  the  demands  and  the  relative  supply  or  scarcity,  we  shall  issue  Priced 
Catalogues  twice  in  each  year,  and  we  also  make  this  proposal  as  the  basis  of  our  transactions. 
Any  List  of  Grapes  extracted  from  a  priced  Catalogue  of  any  reliable  nursery  will  be  supplied  by 
us  at  the  same  or  at  lower  rates. 

Crrapes  for  Vineyards. — Isabella,  Catawba,  Clinton,  and  Norton's  Virginia  can  be  supplied  by 
thousands  of  one  and  two  years  of  age  at  very  reduced  rates. 

Note. — Our  Grape  Vines  are  nearly  all  grown  in  the  open  air,  and  not  forced  in  Hothouses, 
and  they  are  consequently  much  more  hardened  to  the  severities  of  our  climate. 


101  Albino  or  Albiness 

102  Alvey 

103  Alexander 

104  Allegany  Island,  (may  be   identical 

with  Franklin). 

105  Allen's  Hybrid.     See  Class  III. 

106  Amber  Catawba,  early 

107  American  Hamburg 

108  Anna \  to 

109  Amanda 

110  Ariadne,  (Seedling  of  Alexander) 

111  Arkansas,  6  varieties  of  different  colors 

112  August  Coral,  {true) '. 

113  Belle  Isle,  fridt  striped,  leaves  varie- 

gated. 

114  Bailie,  (Western  Virginia).. . . 

115  Bartram,  (Ohio) 

116  Baxter 


50 
1   50 


1  00 

50 

2  00 
1  00 
1  00 
1  00 
1   (10 


1  00 
1  00 
1  00 


117  Big  Ozark,  (Missouri) 1   0() 

118  Black   Guignard,   ten  vines  for  $10, 

none  singly. 

119  Black  King.' 7.'. 

120  Black  Muscadine,  (Carolina) 76 

121  Blackstone 7.0 

122  Bland  {true). 75 

123  Braddock,  early,  rather  large,  estim- 

able   .' 1   (Ml 

124  Brown  Guignard 1  Ou 

125  Bowman 1   (i(i 

126  California  Grapes,  see  Class  III. 

127  Camak 1   00 

128  Canadian  Chief,  see  Class  IH. 

129  Canada  Wine ]    OO 

130  Canbys  August,  see  York  Madeira. 

131  Carolina  Black  Cluster 1    Ou 

I  13H  Carolina  Blue  Cluster 76 


AMERICAN      INDIGENOUS      GRAPES. 


1 32  Carolina  Blue  Musk 1 

133  Carolina  Globose 

134  Carter's  Favorite,  distinct  from  Carter 

orToKalon 1 

135  Carter's  Virginian 1 

136  Cassidy,  white 50  to 

137  Catawba 25  to 

138  Do.      three   to   four   years,    50c. ; 
Extra  large,  bearing  age 75  to  1 

139  Catherine    (Conn.),  new,   originated 

by  N.  G.  Waterman. 

140  Cecilia,  Seedling  of  Isabella 

141  Chesliire,  (Conn.) 

142  Child's  Superb,  see  Class  I.,  No.  9. 

143  Chilicotha 1 

144  Chocolate 

146  Clara,  see  Class  III. 

146  Claret,  (Ohio) 1 

147  Clarke,  (N.  Carolina) 1 

148  Clinton 25  to 

149  Do.     three   to    four    years,    50c. ; 
extra  large,  bearing  age 75  to  1 

150  Cloanthe 1 

151  Cobstovine 1 

152  Columbia 

153  Columbian  Muscat 3 

154  Concord,  (extra  Ijirge,  $1) 50  to 

155  Corbin  (Conn.),  peculiar  form,  sweet, 

pleasant,  productive,  vigorous 1 

156  Coriel '. 2 

157  Creveling 1 

158  Crystal 2 

159  Cunningham 

160  Cynthiana,  (Red  River) , 1 

161  Davenport 

Delaivare,  See  No.  47. 

1 02  Diana,"  (extra  large,  75e.  to  .$1) 

1 63  Door's  Seedling. 

164  Early  Amber  (Shakers') 25  to 

165  Early  Black  Fox 

166  Early  Red  Fox 

167  Early  White  Fox 

168  Early    Isabella,     (ten    days     before 

Isabella) 1 

169  Eaton's  Catawba 1 

170  Elizabeth,  Seed'g  of  Isabella,  'medium, 

round  black,  good  flavor 1 

171  Ella,  (Ohio) ■ 1 

172  ElPasso 2 

173  Elsinburg 

174  Emily,  see  Class  III. 

175  Estelle 

176  Eugenia,  Seedling  of  Catawba,  early, 

medium,  round,  dark  red,  good,  rcry 
productive 

177  Eureka  (Prince's),  not  yet  for  sale. 

178  Felicia,  Seedling  of  Isabella,  esil/'wftW*'     1 

179  Foot's  Connecticut 

180  Fragrant  Harrison 1 

181  Franklin 50  to  1 

182  Garrigues 50  to 

183  Gigans  (Southern),  z?HHit;M.se  ^roMi^/t.  .      1 

184  Godman ". 1 

185  Golden  Clinton— White  King 1 

186  Graham 1 

187  Gridley 1 

188  Halifax  Seedling  (N.  C.) 


00 


1  00 


00 
00 
00 
75 
00 
75 

00 
00 
00 
00 
75 
00 
75 

50 

50 
38 
38 
50 

00 
00 

00 
00 
00 

50 

1  00 


1   50 


189  Halifax  (N.  C.) 50 

190  Hannah,  (Ohio) 1  00 

191  Harris,  (Southern) 1   00 

192  Hartford  Prolific 38  to  50 

193  Do.            do.     extra  large,  bearing 
vines 75  to  1  00 

194  Hart's  White  or  Elizabeth 1  00 

195  Hensel's  White 1  00 

196  Herbemont 50  to  75 

197  Holmes — Early  Purple  or  Old  Colony 

Grape 75 

198  Hudson,  or  Early  Hudson,  {black). . .         75 

199  Hudson's  Seedling,  ivhite,  new 2  00 

200  Hunterville 75 

201  Husmann's  Prolific,  (in  quantity,  50e.)         76 

202  Hydes'  Eliza,  {true) .". 1  00 

N.  B. — We  have  the  original  vine.  The  de- 
ceptive vines  sold  universally  are  York 
Madeira. 

203  Illinois  Prolific,  or  Waterloo 1   00 

204  lona,  red,  round  ;  Seed'g  of  Catawba. 

205  Isabella 25  to  38 

206  Do.     three  to  four  years,  50  cts. ; 
extra  large,  bearing  age 75  to  1  00 

207  Isabella,    Christea's,    (Canada),    m- 

proved,  enormous  size 1   5o 

208  ls&he\\ei,WY\g\\t'&,  better,  free  from  rot         50 

209  Ives' Seedling,  (Conn.),  nery /tare?!/. .  .      1  00 

210  Jack  Grape,  (Longworth's  Ohio).  ...         50 

211  KaufFman,  size  of  Clinton,  acid,  com- 

pact cluster. 

212  Kendal,  oval,  verg  dark ;  size  of  Isa- 

bella, ten  days  earlier 1  00 

212^  Kingsessing 1  00 

213  Kensington l   00 

214  Kilbourn,  or  Kitchen 50 

215  Kilvington 50 

216  Lake's  Seedling 75 

217  Large  White  Transparent,  (N.  Hamp.)     1  00 

218  Lenoir 50  to  1  00 

219  Little  Ozark,  (Missouri) 75 

220  Logan 1  50  to  2  00 

221  Long  (Georgia) 75  to  1  00 

222  Longworth's  Catawba 1   00 

223  Los  Angelos  Orapes,  see  Class  III. 

224  Louisa 50  to  75 

225  Louisiana 1   00 

226  Lydia,  (Ohio),  neio  variety. 

227  Maddox 75 

228  Mammoth,  or  Monstrous  Catawba.. .         50 

229  Manockanock,  (Pennsylvania) 50 

230  Marion,  Large 1  00 

231  Marion  Port 1  00 

232  Martha,  Thayer's 1  00 

233  Maryann 50  to  75 

234  Massachusetts  White,  see  Class  V. 

235  Missouri 50 

236  Missouri  Bird's  Eye 50 

237  Missouri  Black 1  00 

238  Monteith  Cluster 75 

238i  Montgomery,  (Alabama) 1  00 

239  Mongomery,  (Duchess  Co.) 75 

239i  Morton,  (Virginia) 1  00 

240  Mottier's  White  Catawba 1 .00 

240^  Mottled,  (Ohio),  said  to  be  valuable.  • 

241  Muscadine,  (Southern) 75 

242  Muscat  Catawba,  see  Class  V 


HYBRIDS     AND    SEEDLINGS    OF    FOREIGN     GRAPES. 


243  Mustang,  (Texas) 

244  Napoleon,    large,    black,   ovate,    good 

quality 

245  Narcissa,  (Ohio) 

246  Naunokeg 

247  North  America 

248  North  Carolina 

249  Northern  Muscadine. 

250  Norton's  Virginia 

261  Oconee,  Hendon's 

252  Offer 

253  Ohio  Globose 

254  Ohio  Prolific 

265  Ontario,  (Canada) 1  50  to 

256  Oronoke,  (Virginia) 

257  Ozai-k  Favorite  (Missoiiri),  makes  ex- 

cellent wine 

258  Pauline 

259  Perfumed,  or  Mignonette,  exquisitely 

fragrant  flowerx 

260  Perkins,  {true) 

261  Pitt's  Favorite  (Georgia),  white 

262  Pceschel's  Mammoth,  (Catawba)  .... 

263  Pond's  Seedling,  purple,  very  hardy.. . 

264  Potomac 

265  Potter — Potter's  Catawba 

266  Pungo,  (N.  C.) 

267  Purdy's  Prolific 

268  Purple  Catawba 

269  Raabe 50 

270  Ramsdell 

271  Rebecca,  see  Class  III. 

272  Saluda 

273  Saint  Catherine 

275  Schuyler,    rather   late,    round,  juicy, 

over  mediitm,  not  sweet 

276  Seuppernong,  White 

277  Do.  Black  or  Purple 

278  Do.  Blue 

279  Do.  Bula 

280  Seabrook 

281  Sempronia,  new  Seedling  from  Isa- 

bella  


75 

75 

1  00 
50 

2  00 
75 
50 
50 

1  00 
1  00 
1  00 
1  00 

3  00 
1  00 

1  00 
]   00 


to  75 
75 


1  00 
1  00 

50 

75 

75 

1  00 

1  00 

1  00 


1   00 


282 
283 

284 
285 
286 
287 

288 
289 
290 
291 
292 
293 
294 
295 
296 
297 
298 
299 
300 
301 
302 
303 
304 
305 
306 
307 
308 
309 

310 

311 

312 
313 
314 
315 
316 
317 
318 
319 
320 
321 


September  Black,  (S.  C.) 1  00 

Shepherd 1  00 

Shonga  (Gilbert's) 1  00 

Shurtleff,  new  estimable  seedliruj 1  00 

Smallwood,  (N.  C.) ' 1  0(t 

Somerville  (Southern),  Kmall,   exceed- 
ingly productive 75 

Summer  Black 50 

Swatara 50 

Taylor,  or  Bullitt,  white 1  to  2  00 

Taj-lor's  Early,  (a  Shaker  variety).. .         50 

Texas  Black  Cluster 1  00 

Texas  Blue  Muscadine 1  00 

Texas  Post  Oak 1  00 

Texas  Sand  Hill 1  00 

Theresa,  Seedling  of  Catawba 1  Oo 

Thompson 1  00 

To  Kalon 50  to  1  00 

Transparent,  (N.  C.) 1  0() 

Troy— Hamburg 50  to  75 

Union  Village 1  00 

Venango,  or  Miner 75  to  1  00 

Vine  Arbor 75 

Virginian  Amber 1  00 

Wachita,  (Louisiana) 1  50 

Warren  (Georgia),  distinct 1  00 

Warren's  Catawba,  (Mass.)  earlyK...      1   00 

Warren's  Seedling,  (Mass.) 1  00 

West,  small,  black,  juicy,  no  pulp,  pro- 
ductive           5(1 

White  Catawba,  habit  of  Parent,  said 

to  be  sweet  and  luscious 2  00 

White  Isabella 1  Ou 

00 
Oo 


Wilcox 1 

Wilmington,  ivhite 1 

Wine  Home 

Winslow -  .  .  .  . 

Winton 

AVintermoot,  (Penn.) 

Woodson,  (Va.) 1 

Wyoming,  (Penn.) 1 

York  Madeira,  or  Canby's  August.. . 
Young's  Seedling 1 


76 


Table  Grapes. — The  following  can  be  supplied  by  the  hundred  at  reduced  rates.  Anna,  Clara, 
Concord,  Delaware,  Diana,  Early  Isabella,  Hartford  Prolific,  Rebecca,  Canadian  Chief,  To  Kalon, 
Ramsdell,  Union  Village,  and  York  Madeira. 

N.  B. — Many  varieties  enumerated  in  various  Catalogues  as  distinct  are  inerely  synunynis. — 
See  Class  VI.  explanatory. 


CLASS  III.-AMEKICAN    HYBRIDS    AND    SEEDLINGS    OF 
FOHEIGN  VARIETIES. 


322  Allen's  Hybri.l,  white 2  to  3  00 

323  Alleu's  Hybrid  Black,  No.  13 3  00 

324  Allen's  Hybrid  Purple,  No.  5.  .2  50  to  3  00 

325  Alleu's  Bhick  Hamburgh 75 

326  Baltimore,  like  Black  Burgundy,  very 

vigorous 75 

327  Beach, Seedling  of  Chasselas,  medium, 

early,  black,  excellent 1  00 

328  Brinekle 60 

329  Cabot,  Seedling  of  No.  23,  vine  rather 

tender 1  00 


330 
331 
332 
333 


334 
335 


Canadian  Chief,   white,  rather  large, 

large  cluster 1    00 

Cliira,  variety  of  Chasselas,   incdium. 

white,  round,  sweet,  dtiicious..  .  .75  lo  1    00 

Cleorae  (Dr.  Gaskill),  probably  i-tn- 
ported ]   Ou 

Coleman's  White,  Seedling  of  Golden 
Chasselas,  similar,  medium,  round, 
xweet,Jine  flavor I    uu 

Dorinda,  Seedling  of  Rebecca. 

Emily,  pale  red,j\iicy,  good,  hardy. .  .         50 


UNKNOWN     AND     REJECTED     GRAPES. 


386  Los  Angelos  (California),   eight    fine 

varieties 1   ( )0 

337  Manhattan,     variety     of    Chasselas, 

amber,  round,  excellent,  loose  cluster     1   00 

338  Musque  Verdel,  hybrid  of  No.  23  and 

65,   medium,   rich  purple,    musky, 

good  flavor 1  00 

339  Raisin,  Seedling  from  Muscatel  Raisin         60 


340  Rebecca,  variety  of  Golden  Chasselas, 

early,  medium,  round,   amber,  sweet, 
excellent,     ftniall,  50c.,  larger.. 75  to  1 

341  Secord's  White,  a  Northern  Seedling 

of  Chasselas,  medium,  round,  white, 
sweet,  excellent;   bunch  large 1 

342  Stetson,  several  Hybrid  varieties  not 

yet  offered. 


00 


00 


CLASS  IV -AMERICAN  VARIETIES  WHICH  ARE  UNKNOWN, 
AND  WHICH  ARE  UNDER  PROBATION. 


343  Ada. 

371  Lowell  Globe. 

344  Amelia. 

372  McLean  (Tennessee). 

345  American  North. 

373  Malaga  Seedling. 

346  Archer  (Pennsylvania). 

374  Martinsburg. 

347  Barton's  Early. 

375  Miles. 

348  Beansville. 

376  Mountain,  2  vai-ieties. 

349  Black  Claret. 

377  Muscadine  (Wisconsin). 

350  Canaan. 

378  Nebraska. 

361  Canadian  Cherry. 

379  New  Hanover  (Southern) 

352  Catawba  (of  Tenn.) 

380  New  Hope. 

353  Chambersburg  White. 

381  Old  House. 

354  Charleston. 

382  Osmond. 

355  Cherokee  White. 

383  Penn. 

366  Comstock. 

384  Pennell. 

357  Cynthia. 

385  Pioneer. 

358  Diana  Seedliuj^. 

386  Poffinbarger  (Ohio). 

359  Early  Harvest. 

387  Ranney  Fox. 

360  Early  York. 

388  Red  Rhode  Lsland. 

361  Edwards. 

389  Rose  (Tennessee). 

362  Eriekson. 

390  Small  Rhode  Island. 

363  Eschol. 

391  Summer  (Kentucky). 

364  Free  Black. 

392  Tryou. 

365  Goodman. 

393  Vermont. 

366  Hagar. 

394  Waynesborough. 

367  Helen. 

395  Wentz  Seedling. 

368  Hess. 

396  White  Prolific. 

369  Keller. 

397  Winter(Kentucky). 

370  Large  Rhode  Island. 

^  At^ 

CLASS  V.-REJE(7TED  VARIETIES,  BEING  WORTHLESS. 


Blood's  Black, 

Blood's  Red,       5-  Indifferent  Varieties  of  the  Fox 

flood's  Whiti 

Brown  Sugar. 

Burlington. 

Chippewa,  proved  barren. 

Chapin, yb)'eir/?t,  mildews. 

Charter  Oak,  is  a  Fox,  no  similarity  to  August 

Coral, 
Clappier's  White,  mildewn. 
Connecticut. 

Coon,  allied  to  Strawberry. 

Delaware  Burgundy, ybreu/n  seed,  mildews  badly. 
Eudora — Perkins  of  some,  is  a  large  P'ox. 
Fitchburg,  a  Fox. 
Gross,  foreign  synoayni,  mildews. 
Dartmouth. 

German  Muscat,  white,  foreign,  mildews. 
German  ^ine,  foreign,  mildeios. 
Gutadel,  German, /or«^H,  mildews. 


Indian  Field,  proved,  barren. 

Joen. 

Lyman. 

Massachusetts  White,  denounced  at  Pom.  Con- 
vention. 

McGowan,  or  McCowcn. 

Morin. 

Morse. 

Muscat  Catawba  (Von  Vleck),  li.is  been  de- 
nounced. 

Neponset. 

Purple  Cluster  (Victor  X.  Y.},  foreign,  mildews. 

Quinnebaug. 

Sage,  a  miserable  Fox. 

Sharpe,  or  Lyon. 

Shurileff  Seedling,  the  original  oaridy,  volvdess. 

Strawberry,  a  miserable  Fox. 

Victor  Black  Q\usA.^v,  foreign,  niildeirs. 

Wliite  Snarar. 


SYNONYMS  —  DESCRIPTIONS    OF    FOREIGN     GRAPES. 


CLASS  VI.-SYNONYMS  OF  THE  PRECEDING  VARIETIES. 


Arkansas,  from  several  nurseries  proved  Isabella. 

Baldwin,  is  York  Madeira. 

Black  German,  is  Large  Marion. 

Brown  Fox,  is  Red  Fox. 

Breck,  similar  to  Isabella. 

Burgundy  (Ohio),  is  Godman. 

Bush  of  Texas. 

Canbys  August,  is  York  Madeira. 

Cape,  ) 

Black  Cape,  >  are  Alexander. 

Cape  of  Good  Hope,   ) 

Carter,  is  To  Kalon. 

Devereux,  is  Lenoir. 

Herbemont's  Madeira,  is  Herbemont. 

Honey,  is  Raabe. 

Hudson's  Seedling,  is  White  Isabella. 

Kilburne  AVine,  is  Kilbourn. 

Kirtland,  is  Winslow. 

Lawi'ence's  Seedling,  is  Isabella. 

Lehman,  is  Catawba. 

Lincoln,  is  Lenoir, 

Longworth's  Ohio,  is  Jack  Grape. 

Madison,  }  j 

Madison  County,  \  °' 

Mathew's  Seedling,  is  Early  Isabella. 

Milbourn,  is  Kilbourn. 

Miner's,  or  Minor's  Seedling,  is  Venango. 

Muncy,  is  Catawba. 


North  Carolina  Seedling,  is  Maryann. 

Ohio,  is  Jack  Grape, 

Ohio  Segar  Box,  is  Jack  Grape. 

Paign's,  or  Payne's  Isabella,  is  old  Isabella. 

Peters,  is  Isabella. 

Powell,  is  Bland. 

Porter,  from  New  Haven,  proved  Potter. 

Ramsdale,  is  Ramsdell. 

Rhenish,  from  two  nurseries  pi-oved  Isabella. 

Rothrock,  is  Alexander. 

Schuylkill,  ^ 

Schuylkill  iladeira,       '.  , ,  , 

Schuylkill  Muscadine,   |^  ""'''  Alexander. 

Schuylkill  Muscadel,    J 

Segar-Box,  is  Jack  Grape. 

Shaker,  or  Shaker's  Seedling,  is  Union  Village. 

Spafford's  Seedling,  is  To  Kalon. 

Springstein,  supposed  to  be  Lenoir. 

Sumpter,       )  ^ 

Thurmond,    \   are  Lenoir. 

Tenessee,  is  Venango. 

The  Beautiful,  is  To  Kalon. 

winne'   \  *'"*'  Alexander. 
WJnslow's  Seedling,  is  Winslow. 
Wyman,  is  To  Kalon. 
York  Lisbon,  is  Alexander. 


DESCRIPTIONS  OF  SELECT  FORWGN  GRAPl^:S -CLASS  I. 

Aleppo,  Striped,  medium,  round,  large  cluster,  berries  white,  black,  and  half  of  each  color  on 
the  same  cluster,  sweet,  sprightly,  very  productive,  hardy,  of  easy  culture. 

iagDSt  Mnscat,  deemed  to  be  the  earliest  of  grajies,  small,  black,  ovate  or  roundish,  musky, 
good  flavor,  the  vine  of  weak  growth. 

Bisbop,  large,  black,  roundish,  fine  flavor,  handsome,  estimable. 

Black  Cluster,  small  ovate,  pleasant  sprightly  flavor,  cluster  small  and  very  compact,  early. 
hardy,  suited  to  open  culture  on  walls  and  trellises. 

Black  Hamburg,  very  large,  roundish,  large  clusters,  much  shouldered,  sweet,  rich,  first 
quality,  very  productive,  a  mo.st  popular  variety,  universally  cultivated  in  Graperies  and  other- 
wise. 

Black  July,  earliest  of  all,  small,  round,  black,  cluster  small  and  compact,  pleasant  sprightly 
flavor,  productive. 

Black  Lombardy,  large,  ovate,  cluster  large,  .sweet,  sprightly  flavor,  excellent  quality,  one  of 
the  best. 

Black  Morocco,  large,  oval,  dark  red  or  violet,  large  cluster,  sweet,  good  flavor. 

Black  Mnscat  of  Alexandria,  large,  oval,  musky,  excellent  flavor.  It  succeeds  admirably  when 
grown  with  the  White  and  Cannon  Hall  Muscats,  under  heat  ten  degrees  above  that  usual  for  the 
Hamburg  and  Chasselas  varieties. 

Black  Prince,  large,  ovate,  cluster  long  and  often  shouldered,  sweet,  rich,  productive,  excellent 
quality. 

Black  St.  Peter,  large,  roundish,  long  cluster,  first  quality,  ripens  late,  hiings  long  after 
maturity,  requires  powerful  heat. 

Bowkcr,  an  American  Seedling,  large,  white,  ovate,  large  cluster,  as  handsome  as  White 
Hamburg,  and  of  better  quality,  pleasant  flavor,  very  productive. 

Bnckland  Sweetwater,  mueh  resembles  Gros  Coulard,  large,  amber,  delicious^,  beautiful,  cluster 
short  and  shouldered,  compact,  ripens  earh'. 

Cliasselas  de  Fontainbleaa,  medium,  round,  pale  amber,  sweet,  very  juicy,  refreshing,  excelleni, 
very  productive  in  the  grapery  or  against  walls,  a  general  favorite,  .nndinore  extensively  cultivated 
than  any  other  variety. 

Cliasselas  Mnsqne,  medium,  I'ound,  pale  amber,  very  rich,  high  musk  flavor,  excellent. 

Cliasselas,  Rose  or  Bed,  medium,  round,  pale  red,  sweet,  good  flavor,  very  productive. 

Cliasselas,  White,  medium,  round,  loose  cluster,  sweet,  good  flavor,  estimable  but  secondary  to 
others  of  the  same  class. 


DESCRIPTIONS     OF    FOREIGN      GRAPES.  9 

De  Candolle,  large,  rouud,  purple,  beautiful,  cluster  very  large,  sweet,  good  quality,  very  pro- 
ductive ;  requires  powerful  heat  to  mature  well. 

Deccan's  Snperb,  medium,  oval,  amber,  fine  flavor,  requires  great  heat  to  become  matured. 
Delaware,  small,  round,  clear  red,  thin  skin,  not  a  trace  of  pulp  or  foxy  flavor,  seeds  few  and 
email,  very  sweet,  rich  and  juicy,  vinous  and  aromatic  with  a  slight  musk  flavor  similar  to  Chas- 
selas  Musque  and  Red  Frontignan  ;  excellent  for  table  and  wine;  cluster  small  and  compact;  it 
makes  delicious  amber-colored  wine ;  vine  hardy,  but  of  very  slender  delicate  growth  like  ^the 
Rebecca  until  the  third  year,  after  which  it  grows  vigorously.  It  is  not  productive  when  young, 
but  very  fully  so  when  it  attains  considerable  size  an"d  age  ;  ripens  the  beginning  of  September,' 
two  or  three  weeks  before  the  Isabella. 

It  requires  to  be  protected  by  training  it  against  a  wall  or  house  having  a  warm  southern 
exposure,  or  on  a  trellis  in  a  protected  garden,  and  will  then  produce  a  perfect  and  abundant 
crop.  It  is  as  subject  to  weak  and  stinted  growth  and  to  mildew  as  any  other  foreign  variety. 
This  grape,  has  been  widely  disseminated  as  a  true  native  variety,  although  the  Germans  in  Ohio 
have  from  the  first  declared  it  to  be  the  Red  Traminer  of  the  Rhenish  vineyards. 

The  writer  (W.  R.  P.)  having  inspected  the  Vines  at  Delaware,  Ohio,  and  elsewhere,  has 
fully  satisfied  himself  of  its  foreign  origin.  It  appears  to  have  been  introduced  to  New  Jersey  by 
Mr.  Provost,  who  emigrated  from  Switzerland,  and  brought  this  and  other  foreign  Grapes  with 
him.  He  cultivated  these  foreign  vines  only,  as,  at  that  time,  no  Native  Grapes  were  regarded  as 
suitable  for  vineyard  culture.  From  Mr.  P.'s  ground,  vines  were  carried  by  his  brother-in-law  to 
Chester  county,  Penn.,  where  some  are  now  found  over  twenty  years  old.  Joseph  Heath,  formerly 
&a  employe  of  Joseph  Bonaparte  at  Bordentown,  and  now  a  resident  of  Delaware,  Ohio,  carried 
this  vine  from  that  garden  to  Delaware.  Whether  Bonaparte  obtained  his  vines  from  Provost,  or 
imported  them  direct  from  Europe  is  as  yet  unknown.  If  seedlings  have  been  found  similar,  the 
seeds  were  undoubtedly  dropped  by  birds,  who  are  especially  fond  of  its  early  small  sweet 
berries. 

The  foreign  origin  of  this  Grape  is  also  fully  established  by  the  fact,  that  from  all  recent 
investigations,  it  combines  every  specific  attribute  of  the  Vitis  vinifera,  and  that  it  possesses  none 
whatever  indicative  of  indigenous  origin. 

Dr.  Garber  of  Pa.,  decides  positively  that  it  is  not  a  pure  native.  Saml.  Walker,  Esq.,  Ex- 
President  of  the  Mass.  Horticultural  Society,  in  response  to  a  letter  in  which  I  stated  my  views  as 
here  presented,  says: — "All  you  say  about  the  Delaware  Grape,  I  believe  will  prove  to  be  true; 
all  my  plants  are  very  weak  and  the  leaves  full  of  mildew ;  I  think  it  will  be  a  failure."  Indeed, 
I  have  not  seen  any  vines  grown  in  open  field  culture  that  were  not  greatly  affected  by  mildew, 
and  this  has  also  been  the  case  in  some  protected  gardens  when  on  trellises. 

These  facts,  however,  by  no  means  detract  from  the  great  excellence  and  value  of  this 
exquisite  bevry,  but  only  serve  to  admonish  us  as  to  the  extra  care  requisite  for  its  success,  and 
that  we  must  view  it  as  an  appendage  to  the  garden,  and  not  as  applicable  to  vineyard  culture  in 
this  latitude. 

Esperiotte,  small,  round,  dark  purple,  very  large  cluster,  sprightly  flavor,  third  quality;  the 
vine  hardy,  vigorous  growth,  very  productive,  and  suited  to  outdoor  culture  on  walls  and  trellises. 

Early  White  Malvasia,  or  Early  White  Sweetwater,  medium,  round,  pale  amber,  similar  in 
quality  to  the  Golden  Chasselas,  but  ripens  ten  days  earlier.  It  is  so  hardy  that  it  will  fruit  well 
under  outdoor  culture  on  walls  and  trellises. 

Frankeudale,  quite  distinct  from  Black  Hamburg,  of  less  size  and  not  equal  in  quality,  cluster 
of  similar  size,  and  ripens  at  the  same  period. 

Frontignan,  Black,  medium,  round,  long  cluster,  rich,  musky,  excellent,  productive,  early. 

Frontignan,  Grizzly,  medium,  round,  gray,  becoming  red  at  maturity,  medium-sized  cluster, 
rich  musky  flavor,  excellent,  first  quality,  early,  very  productive. 

Frontignan,  White,  medium,  round,  pale  amber,  rather  large  cluster,  sweet,  musk  flavor,  excel- 
lent, ripens  rather  early  with  the  Chasselas  varieties,  vine  hardy,  productive,  and  may  be  grown 
under  open  culture  in  this  latitude. 

Gros  Coalard,  large  and  beautiful,  thin  skin,  v/hite,  delicious  flavor,  long  clusters,  a  superior 
early  variety  of  Chasselas. 

Lombardy,  or  Flamed  Tokay,  round,  bright  red,  sweet,  medium  flavor,  second  quality,  very 
large  cluster,  very  productive. 

Maeready's  Early  White,  medium,  oval,  thin  skin,  very  juicy,  fine  flavor,  hardy,  productive. 

Mil!  Hill  Hamharg,  large,  purple,  excellent  flavor,  ripens  a  month  after  Black  Hamburg 
requires  heat. 

Pitoiaston  White  Cluster,  one  of  the  largest  and  finest  varieties  of  the  Chasselas,  round,  amber, 
never  cracks,  ripens  early,  bunch  medium,  compact.  There  appears  to  be  a  spurious  variety 
und^r  this  name. 

Portien  noir,  large,  roundish,  black,  very  handsome,  peculiar  flavor,  much  esteemed,  very 
late.  •' 

Portngaese  Muscat,  a  variety  of  the  White  Muscat  of  Alexandria,  but  sets  its  fruit  better  and 
has  more  of  the  musk  flavor,  large,  oval,  pale  amber,  excellent. 

Prince  Albert,  or  Sarbarosa,  large,  ovate,  black,  large-shouldered  cluster,  handsome,  good 
flavor,  npens  late. 

2 


10  DESCRIPTIONS     OF      INDIGENOUS     GRAPES. 

Regnier  de  Nice  {erroneously  Reine  or  Queen  of  Nice),  large,  oval,  white  shaded  with  rose 
color,  very  beautiful,  large  cluster,  fine  flavor. 

Red  Traminer,  small,  roundish,  rose-color,  sweet  aromatic,  pleasant  for  dessert,  cluster  small 
and  compact,  vine  very  hardy,  productive.  An  esteemed  Wine  and  Table  Grape  on  the  Rhine 
and  in  Switzerland. 

RaMn  de  Calabre,  large,  round,  white,  large  cluster,  juicy,  rich,  musky  flavor,  excellent, 
valuable  for  hanging  late. 

Royal  Muscadine,  White  Nice  or  Xeres.  These  prove  identical ;  medium,  round,  amber,  sweet, 
pleasant  flavor,  distinguished  by  its  monstrous  shouldered  loose  cluster  from  the  true  Chasselas 
varieties,  the  bunch  often  weighing  four  to  six  pounds  ;  vine  of  vigorous  growth,  good  bearer,  one 
of  the  hardiest  of  its  class. 

Syrian  White,  very  large,  oval,  immense  cluster,  firm,  and  when  allowed  to  hang  until  fully 
matured,  is  very  good,  requires  powerful  heat  to  perfect  its  fruit. 

Tokay  des  Jardins,  a  beautiful  variety  of  Chasselas,  small,  rose-colored,  very  sweet,  rich  Chas- 
selas flavor,  very  estimable. 

Verdelho,  a  Madeira  grape,  small,  oval,  white,  finest  quality,  a  great  favorite,  vine  of  strong 
growth,  very  productive. 

Victoria  Hamburg,  closely  resembles  the  Black  Hamburg,  but  appears  to  be  an  improved 
variety. 

Wllmot's  Black  Hamburg,  very  large,  round,  compressed,  very  black,  quality  variable,  often 
fine.     It  must  hang  long  after  coloring  in  order  to  mature  fully. 

White  Bual,  pale  amber,  obovate,  compact  cluster,  good  flavor,  ripeus  late. 

White  Corinth.  This  is  not  the  Sultana  ;  it  is  a  small,  white,  seedless  grape,  in  compact  clus- 
ters, beautiful,  sweet,  very  pleasant  flavor. 

White  Gascoigne,  large,  ovate,  large  compact  cluster,  shouldered,  fine  flavor. 

White  Hamburg,  large,  oval,  very  handsome,  large  cluster,  good,  second  quality  in  flavor. 

White  Muscat  of  Alexandria,  large,  oval,  pale  amber,  long  loose  branching  cluster,  crisp,  sweet, 
highest  aromatic  musky  flavor,  ripens  late.  A  most  exquisite  fruit.  Cannon  Hall  Muscat  is  a 
variety  of  this,  and  the  Tottenham  Park  and  Portuguese  Muscats  greatly  resemble  it. 

White  Ricssling,  small,  compact  cluster,  sweet,  pleasant  flavor,  very  productive,  a  celebrated 
Rhenish  wine  grape,  and  of  easy  outdoor  culture  here — being  very  hardy. 

White  Chasselas,  medium,  round,  loose  cluster,  sweet,  good  flavor,  estimable,  but  secondary  to 
others  of  the  same  class. 

White  Tokay,  medium,  ovate,  compact  cluster,  moderate  size,  sweet,  perfumed,  in  flavor 
similar  to  the  Golden  Chassiilas,  much  esteenii^d,  hardy,  productive,  and  suited  to  open  culture. 

Zinfardel  (erroneously  Zinfindal),  full  medium,  round,  black,  thick  bloom,  very  large,  double- 
shouldered  cluster,  requires  to  hang  long  after  coloring  to  perfect  its  maturity. 


DESCRIPTIONS  OF  AMERICAN  INDIGENOUS  GRAPES. 

Alexander  (Penn.)  known  by  many  synonyms,  medium  nearly  as  large  as  Isabella,  roundish, 
slightly  oval,  black  with  bloom,  thick  skin,  juicy,  fair  flavor,  tough  pulp,  dissolving  when  fully 
matured,  then  sweet  and  musky,  cluster  rather  compact,  sometimes  a  small  shoulder;  vine  very 
hardy,  suitable  for  the  North,  exceedingly  vigorous,  very  productive,    ripens    10th  of  September. 

Amanda,  medium  size,  blackish  purple  with  bloom,  very  juicj',  vinous,  melting  pulp,  little  foxy 
flavor,  sweet  when  fully  ripe,  very  good,  drops  soon  after  maturity  ;  cluster  small,  vine  hard}*, 
vigorous,  very   productive  ;  ripens  last  of  August. 

Amber  Catawba,  size  of  its  parent  the  Catawba,  amber  hue,  sweet,  slight  musky  aroma,  mild, 
very  agreeable  for  table,  estimable  for  wine;  ripens  fifteen  days  before  the  Catawba. 

American  Hamburg,  a  Fox  variety-,  large,  round,  black,  pulp\',  thick  skin,  very  showy,  not  near 
so  good  as  Concord;  vine  very  hardy,  robust  and  productive. 

Anna  (Dr  Grant),  large,  round,  greenish  white,  bronzed  on  the  sunny  side,  dotted  and  covered 
with  bloom,  translucent,  handsome;  high  spicy  flavor,  simila)-  to  the  White  Muscat  of  Alexandria, 
very  firm  tough  pulp  at  the  North  which  dissolves  at  the  Soutli,  hard  to  ripen  in  tliis  latitude, 
adhesive  to  the  centre,  flavor  rich,  peculiar,  sugary  and  vinous,  being  entirely  distinct  from,  and 
less  acid  than  thtit  of  the  Catawba.  It  is  iierfectly  hardy,  as  early  as  the  Catawba,  hanes  long, 
and  continues  to  improve  to  the  close  of  the  season  ;  cluster  large,  shouldered,  loose,  but  said  to 
become  more  compact  as  the  vine  advances;  vine  hardy,  vigorous,  very  productive,  suitaVde  here 
for  Grapery,  and  for  open  culture  South  of  the  Potomac — It  has  not  yet  been  fully  matured  here, 
but  great  hopes  are  entertained,  and  further  South  it  will  attain  perfection  and  undoubtedly  prove 
of  great  value. 


DESCRIPTIONS      OF      INDIGENOUS      GRAPES.  11 

Angnst  Coral,  early,  large,  or  full  medium,  round,  bright  red,  exceedingly  sweet,  very  pleas- 
ant'flavor,  juicy,  little  pulp,  thick  skin,  highly  esteemed,  vine  very  robust  ancl  hardy  for  the  North, 
grows  most  vigorously,  extremely  productive  and  never  fails  in  its  crops;  ripens  among  the  ear- 
liest varieties  at  the  end  of  August  and  beginning  of  September.  It  is  an  improved  very  showy 
and  desirable  variety  of  the   Vitis  labrus.cn. 

N.  B. — In  one  Nursery  Catalogue  this  has  been  confused  with  the  Charter  Oalc,  whereas  no 
two  varieties  are  more  distinct. 

Bartram  (Ohio),  a  variety  of  the  Fox,  round  very  large,  dark  purple  with  bloom,  very  attrac- 
tive, flavor  similar  and  equal  to  the  Concord  ;  cluster  large,  very  compact,  vine  very  hardy,  suited 
to  the  North,  exceedingly  vigorous,  and  a  prodigious  bearer. 

Baxter,  nearly  medium,  black,  very  showy,  quite  acid  till  fullj'  ripe,  then  pleasant;  cluster 
monstrous,  long,  compact ;  a  genuine  variety  of  the  Frost  Grape,   Vitis   cordi/ulia. 

Belle  Isle  (Dr.  Grant),  medium,  round,  pale  red,  with  a  faint  stripe  ;  quality  similar  to  the 
Catawba,  ten  daj's  earlier  in  ripening;  leaf  variegated. 

Black  Gniguard  (S.  Ca.),  medium  size  or  under,  round,  bluck,  thin  skin,  very  juicy,  sprightly, 
vinous,  sufficiently  sweet  for  wine,  no  foxy  flavor  or  astringency  ;  bunch  oblong,  sometimes  shoul- 
dered, suflieiently  open  to  ripen  well,  a  most  estimable  vineyard  grape  far  superior  in  its  wine 
qualities  to  Norton's  Virginia,  of  rather  larger  size,  and  is  destined  to  entirely  supersede  that  fa- 
vorite variety.  It  never  rots  or  mildews  at  the  South.  This  is  one  of  the  varieties  on  which  our 
future  vineyards  are  to  be  successfully  based. 

Black  King,  (N.  Y.)  very  early,  small,  black,  juicy,  moderately  sweet,  perfumed ;  vine  perfectly 
hardy,  very  vigorous,  exceedingly  jjroductive;  ripeus  last  of  August ;  hangs  long  and  keeps  well 
for  winter  use. 

Blackstone  (Mass.),  large,  round,  black,  resembles  Concord,  rather  coarse,  improves  by  long 
hanging:  vine  extremely  robust  and  hardy,  well  suited  to  the  North,  very  vigorous  growth,  high- 
ly productive  ;  ripens  middle  of  September. 

Bland,  large,  round,  pale  red,  but  when  exposed  to  the  sun  attains  at  full  maturity  a  dark  red 
or  pale  purplish  hue,  thin  skin,  juicy,  sweet,  no  pulp  at  full  maturity  ;  more  mild  and  melting  than 
any  of  the  original  natives,  very  agreeable  for  table,  but  not  very  good  for  wine;  cluster  loose; 
it  is  hardy  here,  regularly  productive,  ripens  at  end  of  September,  later  than  Catawba.  It  will 
not  succeed  further  north  without  some  protection  ;  it  is  very  difticult  to  propagate  from  cuttings. 
The  genuine  is  very  rare,  the  Catawba  being  almost  invariably  substituted  for  it. 

Brown  Gnignard  (S.  Ca.),  dark  brownish  red  or  chocolate  color,  scarcely  eatable  bitt  very 
estimable  for  making  white  wine;  combines  more  sacharine  matter  than  almos*,  any  other,  and 
never  rots.  I^'oliage,  bark,  and  growth  precisely  like  Lenoir,  very  vigorous;  a  native  of  Laurens 
District,  S.  Ca. 

Camak  (Georgia),  rather  small,  rotind,  brownish  red,  thin  skin,  very  sweet,  juicy,  melting, 
free  from  pulp,  excellent;  vine  vigorous  and  productive. 

Carolina  Black  CI nster  (N.  Ca.),  uuder  mcilium  size,  round,  black,  juicy,  vinous,  some  pulp  ; 
vine   vigorous,  and    productive;    ripens  25th  of  September. 

Carolina  Bine  CInster  (N.  Ca.),  small,  blue,  round,  juicy,  sprightly  acid,  vinous,  slight  pulp, 
fair  flavor  suitable  for  wine;  cluster  very  loose,  berries  separate,  ripe  10th  to  15th  of  Sept.  hangs 
till  middle  of  October'. 

Citroiiua  Bine  iSInsk  (N.  Ca.),  small,  ovate,  purple  with  bloom,  juicy,  vinous,  slight  acid,  with 
a  disagreeable  musky  flavor,  little  or  no  pulp;  cluster  very  sparse ;  vine  hardy,  grows  very  vigor- 
ously, productive;  ripeus  middle  of  September,  and  makes  good  wine. 

Carolina  Globose  (N.  Ca.),  medium,  round,  black,  vinous,  unpleasant  flavor,  too  acid  for  the 
table,  will  make  good  wine  ;  vine  vigorous  and  productive;  cluster  loose;  ripens  20th  of  Sept. 
Car! cr's  Favorite  (Virginia),  medium  size,  considerably  larger  than  Norton's  Virginia,  being 
an  important  ini[)rovemeut  on  that  variety,  round,  black  with  bloom,  skin  not  thick,  juicy,  vin- 
ous, rather  sweet,  little  or  no  pulp  and  pleasant  flavor,  free  from  acid  when  fully  matured,  very 
estimable  for  vineyard  culture;  cluster  shouldered  ;  vine  hardy,   vigorous,  and  very  productive. 

Carter's  Virgioian,  early,  small,  ovate,  purple  with  bloom,  juicy,  vinous,  slight  pulp,  pleasant, 
thin  skin,  suitable  for  making  good  wine  ;  vine  very  vigorous,  productive  ;  ripens  the  beginning 
of  September. 

Cassidy,  below  riieJium,  round,  greenish  white  with  bloom,  but  little  pulp,  sweet  with  an 
aroma,  juicy,  pleasant;  cluster  small  to  medium,  rather  compact,  vine  vigorous  very  productive. 

Catawba — Qualities  universally  known. 

Catherine,  a  new  Seedling,  originated  by  Mr.  N.  G.  Waterman  of  Connecticut,  and  not  yet 
ofl"ered  for  sale. 

Cecilia,  seedling  of  Isabella,  about  medium  size,  round,  black,  juicy,  sweet,  fragrant,  very 
pleasant,  slight  pulp,  somowhatfoxy,  skin  not  thick,  vine  robust,  with  large  leaves,  very  hardy 
for  the  Morth,  pioductive  ;  ripens  early  in  September. 

Chillicothe  (Ohio),  same  size  appearance  and  quality  as  Isabella,  not  quite  so  oval,  cluster  long 
loose,  and  shouldered  ;  vine  hardy,  very  productive  ;  ripe  middle  September. 

ChOfOlate  (N.  Ca.),  small,  black,  suitable  for  making  wine;  cluster  large;  vine  vigoruus,  very 
productive ;  ripeus  late. 


12  DESCRIPTIONS      OF      INDIGENOUS      GRAPES. 

Christea's Isabella  (Canada),  resembles  its  parent,  but  is  said  to  be  an  improvement  of  double 
the  size  in  berry  and  bunch  ;  others  say  bunch  and  berry  are  very  large.  It  is  also  stated  by  some 
to  be  two  weeks  earlier,  which  is  doubtful.     It  has  not  yet  been  tested  by  us. 

Clarke  (Virginia),  large,  black,  sprightly  acid,  good  for  wine ;  vine  vigorous;  ripens  late. 
Clinton,  small  to  medium,  round,  black  with  bloom,  juicy,  brisk,  vinous,  not  sweet,  but  pleas- 
ant, little  pulp,  thin  skin,  secondary  quality  for  table,  but  improves  greatly  by  hanging  till  after 
frost,  very  good  for  wine  ;  cluster  small  to  medium,  oblong,  compact ;  vine  very  hardy,  suitable  for 
the  extreme  North,  exceedingly  vigorous  and  produces  immense  crops;  ripens  the  beginning  of 
September,  but  the  fruit  can  be  preserved  until  the  last  of  February,  and  improves. 

CobstoviuCj  somewhat  i-esembles  Isabella,  thicker  skin  and  not  equal  in  sweetness  and  flavor; 
ripen  three  weeks  later. 

Collina — Hill  Grape  (Ohio),  small,  bluish  black,  excellent  quality,  peculiar  delicious  subacid 
flavor ;  cluster  compact ;  makes  blood-colored  wine  of  superior  flavor  (in  moderate  quantity) ; 
vine  extremely  vigorous  and  an  enormous  bearer ;  the  berries  begin  to  color  the  last  of  August 
but  are  not  in  perfection  until  affected  by  one  or  two  severe  frosts. 

Colaiubia,  small,  round,  dark  purple,  considerable  pulp,  juicy,  vinous,  pleasant,  not  high  fla- 
vored, some  acidity  but  sweet  when  fully  mature  ;  clusters  small  but  very  numerous,  makes  a 
high  colored  wiue  ;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous,  productive ;  ripens  end  of  September. 

Colnmbian  Muscat,  rather  larger  than  Catawba,  pale  green  with  white  bloom,  very  high  musk 
flavor,  similar  to  the  White  Muscat  of  Alexandria,  very  juicy  and  excellent,  very  valuable.  The 
vijie  is  vigorous,  blooms  profusely,  and  is  exceedingly  productive  ;  ripens  end  of  September.  An 
admirable  Grape  for  this  locality  and  for  the  South. 

Concord  (Mass.),  birge,  I'ound,  black  with  bloom,  thick  skin,  moderately  juicy,  very  sweet, 
pleasant,  considerable  pulp,  which  diminishes  at  maturity,  some  foxy  flavor;  cluster  large,  heavy, 
shouldered,  compact,  of  splendid  appearance  ;  vine  exceedingly  hardy,  vigorous  and  robust, 
remarkably  productive,  will  succeed  far  to  the  North;  ripens  twelve  days  before  Isabella.  It  suc- 
ceeds admirably  at  the  West  and  South,  never  rots  or  mildews,  and  attains  there  a  much  greater  per- 
fection than  here  or  at  the  East. 

Corbin  (Conn.),  medium,  peculiar  form,  sweet,  fine  flavor;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous  and 
productive. 

Coriel  (New  Jersey),  foliage  and  berry  resembles  Isabella,  but  latter,  is  one-third  to  one-half 
larger  and  the  cluster  in  same  proportion,  skin  thinner,  berry  lesspulpy,  with  a  flavor  of  the  great- 
est excellence;  vine  very  hardy,  of  vigorous  growth  and  highly  productive  ';  ripens  the  beginning 
of  September. 

CreTeiiiig,  small  or  medium,  round,  black,  juicy,  very  sweet,  rich,  very  good,  cluster  very 
Bparse,  ripens  two  to  three  weeks  before  the  Isabella,  a  genuine  native. 

Crystal,  a  seedling  of  Catawba,  white,  transparent,  round,  very  sweet,  luscious,  but  little  pulp  ; 
cluster  medium,  shouldered,   compact ;  vine  vigorous  and  productive. 

Cnnningham  (Virginia),  small,  round,  black,  good  for  table  ;  bunch  small,  containing  30  to  50 
berries;  vine  hardy,  very  vigorous  and  productive  ;  foliage  larger  and  more  rounded  than  Nor- 
ton's Virginia,  not  pointed  ;  ripe  the  beginning  of  October. 

Diana  (Mass.),  rather  large,  round,  reddish  lilac  with  bloom,  beautiful,  sweet,  delicate,  juicy, 
rich,  vinous  and  aromatic,  no  foxiness  at  maturity,  greatly  esteemed,  hangs  long  and  improves, 
makes  good  raisins,  keeps  well  for  winter  use  ;  bunch  large,  verj^  compact;  vine  hardy,  vigorous, 
exceedingly  productive  ;  ripens  early,  10  to  12  days  before  the  Isabella.  > 

Early  Amber  (Shakers),  an  estimable  variety  of  the  Red  Fox  much  cultivated  bj'  the  Shakers, 
and  is  the  best  of  their  varieties,  medium,  oval,  amber  color,  very  sweet,  dissolving  pulp,  no  foxy 
odor,  good,  falls  off  when  ripe  ;  vine  hardy,  vigorous  and  productive. 

Early  Blacll  Fox,  early,  rather  large, round,  black,  rather  sweet;  cluster  small  but  profuse  : 
berries  drop  as  soon  as  fully  matured ;  vine  very  vigorous  quicklj'  covering  arbors  or  trellises,  very 
hardy  and  exceedingly  productive  ;  ripens  end  of  August. 

Early  Red  Fox,  large,  round,  dull  dark  red,  thick  skin,  pulpy,  sweet,  considerable  juice,  fair 
quality;  vine  extremely  hardy  for  the  North,  very  vigorous  growth,  and  produces  great  crops;  ri- 
pens the  beginning  of  September. 

Early  Wllite  Fox,  large,  round,  compressed,  greenish,  pulpy,  thick  skin,  rather  sweet,  juicy, 
pleasant;  ripe  10th  of  September. 

Early  Isabella,  size,  color,  form,  flavoi-,  and  cluster  similar  to  Old  Isabella  "but  ripens  10  days 
sooner ;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous  and  productive. 

Eaton's  Catawba,  large,  round,  red,  sweet,  good  for  table  and  for  wine  ;  vine  vigorous  ;  ri- 
pens in  September. 

Elizabeth,  seedling  of  Isabella,  black,  medium,  round,  but  little  pulp,  good,  not  fully  tested  ; 
vine  hardy,  vigorous,  productive;  ripens   middle  of  September. 

Ellen  (Ohio),  a  seedling  of  Catawba,  large,  dark  purple,  roundish,  sweet,  good  flavor,  equal 
to  the  Isabella  and  ripens  at  the  same  period ;  vine  hardy,  very  vigorous,  productive. 

El  Passo  (Texas),  a  blue  variety  of  great  excellence  for  table,  wine,  and  raisins,  said  to  reseni 
ble  the  Isabella,  but  not  yet  tested  here.  There  is  also  a  luscious  White  variety  growing  in  the 
same  region,  which  ripens  earlier. 


DESCRIPTIONS    OF    INDIGENOUS     GRAPES.  13 

Elsiobnrgh,  small,  round,  black  with  blue  bloom,  thin  skin,  no  pulp,  sweet,  melting,  excel- 
lent for  table ;  bunch  long,  loose,  shouldered  ;  vine  makes  slender  shoots,  but  is  very  hardy  and 
productive  ;  ripens  end  of  August. 

Empire  (N.  Y.),  one-third  larger  than  Catawba,  skin  rather  thicker,  some  pulp,  berry  very 
dark  not  black,  blue  bloom,  very  sweet  when  fully  ripe  with  a  peculiar  rose  flavor;  cluster  very 
large,  shouldered,  larger  than  Concord,  compact ;  vine  remarkably  vigorous  and  rampant,  exceed- 
ingly hardy  and  a  very  great  bearer;  ripens  same  period  as  Catawba  ;  foliage  very  large,  the 
berries  adhering  strongly;  the  fruit  can  be  preserved  well  through  the  winter  in  a  fresh  state.  It 
is  valuable  lor  preserves,  and  the  vine  is  suited  to  this  latitude  and  to  the  South. 

Estelle,  seedling  of  Alexander,  large,  round,  black,  pulpy,  acid,  becoming  sweet  at  maturity, 
foxy,  juicy,  vinous;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous,  productive;  ripe  beginning  of  September. 

Eugenia,  seedling  of  Catawba,  early,  medium,  round,  dull,  dark  or  blackish  red,  thick  skin, 
good,  vine  hardy,  vigorous,  very  productive,  ripens  12  days  before  the  Catawba. 

Eureka  (Prince),  a  seedling  whose  fruit  is  entirely  distinct  from  any  other  Native  Grape. 
Berry  medium,  round,  pale  pink,  very  sweet  and  remarkably  juicy,  with  an  exquisite  perfumed 
vinous  flavor,  but  one  seed,  very  thin  skin,  as  free  from  pulp  and  foxy  flavor  as  the  most  delicate 
foreign  grapes.  It  not  only  surpasses  all  Natives,  but  is  superior  in  sprightliness  and  flavor  to  any 
of  the  Chasselas  varieties ;  cluster  medium,  not  shouldered,  berries  sufficiently  apart  to  mature  per- 
fectly ;  vine  very  hardy,  more  so  than  Isabella  or  Catawba,  and  more  vigorous,  with  very  large 
foliage;  exceedingly  productive ;  ripens  from  the  5th  to  10th  of  September.  A  weak  layer  of 
1858  has  now  (Oct.  '59.)  six  shoots  measuring  10  to  12  feet,  in  all  about  G4  feet  of  wood,  being 
more  than  12  times  the  weight  of  wood  and  foliage  that  Delaware  vines  have  of  the  same  age. 
This  grape  is  not  only  suitable  for  the  table,  but  combines  in  a  pre-eminent  degree  all  the  estimable 
qualities  requisite  for  making  as  delicious,  sprightly,  aromatic  wine  as  the  best  foreign  varieties 
have  ever  produced.  A  Committee  of  Horticulturists  of  universally  acknowledged  ability  and 
judgment  will  be  solicited  to  investigate  the  merits  of  this  Grape,  and  vines  will  be  ofi'ered  by 
subscription  in  the  autumn  of  1861  at  $10  per  pair. 

Fox— White,  Red,  and  Biack,— Vitis  labrnsea.  There  are  several  varieties  of  each  of  these, 
differing  in  size  and  flavor,  and  usually  remarkable  for  their  thick  skin,  tough  pulp,  and  strong 
foxy  flavor.  Some  are  tolerable  table  grapes,  but  the  most  of  those  found  in  a  natural  state  are 
useful  only  for  cookery  and  preserves.  Some  ripen  very  early  in  August,  and  others  in  September. 
It  is  a  character  natural  to  this  species  to  shed  the  fruit  as  soon  as  ripe,  but  some  seedling  varieties 
are  not  subject  to  this  defect. 

Fragrant  Harrison,  a  seedling  from  Isabella.  Berry  and  bunch  rather  large,  amber  white, 
ripens  before  Isabella. 

FranlOin  (Penn.),  precisely  like  the  Clinton,  with  the  exception  that  the  fruit  is  sweet;  ripens 
early,  small,  black,  superior  to  Alexander,  highly  esteemed ;  vme  hardy,  vigorous,  holds  fruit  and 
foliage  late.     Some  seedlings  of  it  grown  by  Dr.  J.  B.  Garber  seem  of  great  promise. 

Garrigues  (Del.),  large.'oval,  dark  purple,  thick  bloom,  very  much  resembles  Isabella,  of  which 
doubtleijs  it  is  a  seedling;  quality  not  quite  equal,  juicy,  sweet,  rich,  some  toughness  of  pulp, 
cluster  large,  shouldered,  loose ;  vine  hardy,  very  vigorous,  productive ;  ripens  ten  days  before 
Isabella.     The  tale  about  planting  a  raisin  seed  is  of  course  mere  nonsense. 

Godman  (Virginia),  nearly  as  large  as  Isabella,  round,  black  with  bloom,  sweet,  good  flavor, 
pleasant  for  table ;  cluster  nTedium,  branched,  sometimes  equally  divided,  vine  very  hardy,  vigor- 
ous, productive,  valuable  for  its  earliness ;  ripens  10th  or  15th  of  September. 

Golden  f  iintou  (N.  Y.),  a  seedling  of  Clinton,  berry  and  bunch  small,  amber  white,  tender, 
thin  skin,  juicy,  mild  acid,  very  good  flavor,  no  pulp,  estimable;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous 
growth,  very  productive;  ri-pens  middle  of  September. 

Graliam,  medium,  round,  purple  with  bloom,  juicy,  sweet,  pleasant,  slight  pulp,  excellent; 
cluster  medium,  shouldered,  loose. 

Gridley,  small,  round,  blue,  juicy,  pleasant,  not  high  flavor,  pulpy,  not  foxy,  better  than  Clin- 
ton ;  cluster  large,  shouldered  ;  vine  very  hardy,  extremely  vigorous  and  very  productive. 

Halifax  (N.  Ca.),  medium,  roimd,  black,  juicy,  vinous,  pulpy,  unpleasant  flavor,  makes  good 
wine;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous,  exceedingly  productive;  ripens  end  of  September. 

Halifax  Seedling,  early,  medium,  black,  blue  bloom,  pulpy,  peculiar  huckleberry  flavor,  makes 
very  good  wine;  vine  vigorous,  immensely  productive. 

Hannah  (Ohio),  a  seedling  of  the  Catawba,  oval,  dark  purple,  beautiful,  sweet,  musky,  very 
good;  cluster  medium  to  large,  branched,  rather  compact;  vine  hardy,  vigorous,  productive; 
ripens  at  the  same  period  with  the  Isabella. 

Harris  (Southern),  medium  size,  round,  black  with  blue  bloom,  sweet,  juicy,  pleasant,  a  little 
pulp,  not  subject  to  rot  at  the  South,  valuable  ;  vine  extremely  vigorous  and  productive,  ripens 
beginning  of  September. 

Hartford  Prolific,  rather  large,  round,  black  with  bloom,  thick  skin,  considerable  foxiness  till 
fully  ripe,  but  less  than  the  Concord  which  it  surpasses  in  quality  ;  sweet,  juicy,  good  flavor,  some 
pulp,  estimable  for  table,  nearly  equal  to  Isabella,  bunch  large,  shouldered,  rather  compact;  vine 
very  hardy,  exceedingly  rampant  and  vigorous  as  well  as  greatly  productive  ;  succeeds  with  but 
slight  attention,  and  is  well  suited  to  the  extreme  North.     The  berries  are  subject  to  drop  when 


14  DESCRIPTIONS    OF    INDIGENOUS    GRAPES. 

mature,  but  proper  culture  may  remedy  this  defect.     We  presume  this  grape  will  be  found  to  im- 
prove at  the  South  and  West  as  is  the  case  with  the  Concord. 

Uart's  White — Elizabeth,  medium,  white,  ovate,  good  quality;  vine  hardy  and  vigorous ; 
ripens  end  of  September. 

Herbemout  (Georgia).  We  received  this  from  Mr.  Herbemont.  It  is  totally  distinct  from  the 
Warren;  berry  small,  round,  deep  purple  with  blue  bloom,  thin  skin,  free  from  pulp  or  foxy 
flavor,  very  juicy,  vinous,  aromatic,  and  exceedingly  sprightly  ;  not  so  sweet  as  the  Lenoir,  and 
mueli  larger  cluster;  bunch  sometimes  weighs  one  and  a  half  to  two  pounds,  shouldered,  triangu- 
lar form,  verj'  compact  indeed;  it  is  one  of  the  most  sprightly,  and  pleasant  for  eating,  and  makes 
very  superior  wine  ;  vine  remarkably  vigorous,  short  jointed,  hardy  here,  bears  enormously,  and 
matures  its  fruit  early  in  September. 

Holmes'  {Early  Purple  or  Old  Colony  Grape),  native  of  Mass.,  early,  ripening  20th  to  25th  of 
August,  globose,  blue  or  purple,  large  as  Isabella,  sweet,  a  little  foxy,"more  pulfiy  than  Isabella, 
but  this  diminishes  and  it  becomes  quite  as  sweet  by  hanging  till  fully  matured ;  bunch  medium, 
seldom  shouldered.  The  vine  is  very  hardy  and  suited  to  the  Nurtb,  vigorous  and  regularly  pro- 
ductive, thrives  best  in  a  dry,  rich  soil.  If  allowed  to  hang  late,  the  berries  become  as  dry  as 
raisins.  It  makes  fine  flavored  wine,  and  although  not  equal  to  the  Isabella  and  Catawba,  it  is 
much  more  valued  at  the  North  as  it  never  fails  to  mature  its  fruit  before  the  frosts.  It  has  re- 
mained uninjured  by  the  winter  when  the  Isabella  and  Concord  were  kdled  to  the  ground,  and  it 
is  believed  that  it  will  thrive  uninjured  as  far  north  as  the  moat  hardy  of  grapes. 

Hndson — Early  Hadson,  rather  large,  black  with  blue  bloom  ;  resembles  Isabella  in  berry  and 
bunch,  and  is  a  seedling  of  that  variety,  not  however  quite  so  rich  and  sprightly;  juicy,  sweet, 
tender  pulp ;  thin  skin ;  vine  perfectly  hardy,  vigorous,  very  productive;  ripens  early  in  Sep- 
tember. 

Hnnterville  (N.  C),  rather  below  medium  size,  round,  black,  very  juicy,  slightly  acid,  verj' 
little  pulp,  thin  skin,  not  sweet,  lait  pleasant  and  vinous  when  fully  ripe,  well  adapted  for  wine; 
cluster  loose,  shouldered;  vine  vigorous,  very  productive  ;  fruit  ripens  end  of  July,  hangs  long  ou 
the  vine  and  irapuoves  thereby. 

Hnsmann's  Prolific  (Missouri),  small,  round,  black  with  blue  bloom,  pulpy,  too  astringent  lor 
table;  cluster  long  and  compact;  a  valuable  variety,  ripens  end  of  September;  makes  an  excel- 
lent brilliant  red  wine,  resembling  fine  claret;  vine  very  hardy  and  vigorous,  immensely  produc- 
tive, and  easily  cultivated  with  success.  It  has  produced  in  the  Missouri  vinej'ards  800  gallons  of 
good  wine  per  acre. 

Hyde's  Eliza.  We  have  the  original  vine  received  from  Wilkes  Hyde,  of  Catskill.  The  genu- 
ine is  not  found  but  in  two  or  three  collections,  the  others  have  York  Madeira,  which  has  been 
latterly  disseminated  everywhere  under  this  name.  Berry  of  the  same  form  and  flavor  as  the 
Isabella,  and  the  foliage  and  growth  of  the  vine  very  similar;  the  flavor  is  perhaps  more 
sprightly,  and  it  ripens  ten  days  sooner  ;  vine  hardly,  vigorous,  and  very  productive. 

Illiuols  Prolific,  found  wild  near  Waterloo,  Illinois,  very  small ;  bunch  medium,  compact ; 
juice  very  dark  but  brilliant,  making  a  very  excellent  red  wine  in  three  to  six  months;  vine  very 
robust,  vigorous,  and  exceedingly  productive;  ripens  last  week  of  September. 

Isabella — Qualities  universally  known. 

Ives'  Seedliug — Mnusou  (Conn.),  small  berry  and  medium  cluster,  some  foxy  odor,  hnrd  pulp, 
which  will  probably  dissolve  at  the  south,  to  whieh  climate  it  is  best  suited;  hangs  late,  and  im- 
proves after  frost ;  vine  very  hardy,  of  most  luxuriant  growth,  very  productive. 

Jack — Lougworth's  Ohio  (Georgia),  very  small,  blue  with  bloom,  no  pulp  or  foxiness,  sweet, 
vinous,  pleasant,  only  two  seeds  to  a  berry,  cluster  large,  long,  shouldered,  verv  sparse ;  vine  very 
vigorous  and  rampant,  allied  to  the  Warren,  ripens  the  middle  oj  September.  It  is  a  genuine 
native,  and  there  are  seven  or  eight  Southern  varieties  of  the  same  family.  Two  varieties,  if  not 
more  have  been  sent  out  from  Cincinnati  under  this  name,  which  has  caused  confusion. 

Jenning's  Seedling,  a  very  early  black  grape,  of  ordinary  quality,  grown  near  Boston  for 
market  and  suitable  for  cooking  purposes;  vine  very  hardy  productive. 

Ranffm  iD,  (Ohio),  size  of  Clinton,  acid,  becoming  pleasant  when  fully  matured,  cluster  com- 
pact, vine  hardy  and  vigorous. 

Kendall,  rather  large,  oval,  very  dark,  good  quality,  cluster  medium,  vine  hardy  and  vigor- 
ous; ripens  middle  of  September. 

Keu.sington  (Conn.),  medium  size,  devoid  of  foxy  flavor,  deemed  by  many  .equal  to  Isabella, 
not  yet  tested  by  us. 

Lake's  Seedling  (Mass.),  early,  large,  black,  very  sweet,  free  from  foxy  flavor  ;  ripens  25th  of 
of  August,  ddos  not  drop  its  fruit. 

Large  Black  Marlon — True  Marion  (Ohio),  early,  nearly  the  size  of  Isabella,  oval,  black  with 
bloom,  very  juicy,  sweet,  good  flavor,  little  or  no  pulp,  estimable  for  table,  superior  to  Lognn  in 
flavor.  Mr.  Longworth  describes  it  as  "  hardy,  a  good  bearer,  a  week  earlier  and  better  flavored 
than  the  Isabella."  Cluster  large  and  long,  often  a  small  branch  at  top;  ripens  early  in  Septem- 
ber. It  is  supposed  to  be  a  seedling  of  the  Isabella,  makes  good  pale  wine,  not  equal  to  Catawba, 
but  is  a  valuable  wine  grape  where  the  Catawba  will  not  succeed,  and  has  proved  at  Cincinnati 


DESCRIPTIONS     OF     INDIGENOUS     GRAPES.  15 

superior  tn  Isabella  for  field  culture  and  for  wine ;  vine  very  Iiardy,  extremely  vigorous,  short 
jointed,  very  great  bearer,  an  estimable  variety. 

Large  White  Transparent  (N.  Hamp.),  very  early  and  large,  much  extolled  in  New  Hamp- 
shire, but  not  tested  by  us. 

Lenoir,  very  early,  small,  round,  black,  covered  with  a  blue  bloom,  very  thin  skin,  juicy,  very 
sweet,  sprightly,  agreeable  flavor,  excellent  for  table  and  makes  fine  wine ;  ripens  two  weeks  before 
the  Ilerbemont  and  is  siipei'ior  to  it;  bunch  medium  or  rather  small,  slightly  shouldered,  very 
compact,  usually  a  little  branch  at  the  top;  ripe  last  of  August,  berries  much  eaten  by  birds, 
seldom  rots  at  the  South ;  vine  vigorous,  produces  abundantly.  This  and  the  Pauline  are  the  two 
finest  grapes  we  have  obtained  from  the  South,  and  are  both  far  preferable  to  the  Logan  in  flavor. 
They  ai-e  some  varieties  of  this  grape  called  Mrs.  Stanford,  French,  &c. 

Little  Ozark  (Missouri),  medium  size,  black,  vinous,  cluster  long  and  loose,  yields  abundant 
wine  of  bright  purple  color  very  similar  to  Claret,  which  improves  very  much  by  one  or  two 
years'  keeping ;  ripens  last  week  of  September 

Logan,  same  color,  form,  flavor  and  pulp  as  its  parent  the  Isabella,  and  two  thirds  its  size,  not 
equal  in  quality,  deficient  in  flavor  and  sweetness  when  contrasted  with  the  Large  Marion, 
Pauline,  Lenoir,  and  August  Coral,  all  of  which  are  eqiially  early  in  ripening ;  cluster  medium, 
long,  loose;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous  and  productive;  ripens  the  last  of  August,  three  weeks 
before  the  Isabella.     It  seems  to  be  of  the  same  parentage  as  the  Large  Marion. 

Long's  (Georgia),  medium,  dark  purple  with  blue  bloom,  thin  skin,  tender,  very  little  pulp, 
sweet,  vinons,  not  for  table,  but  very  good  for  wine  ;  bunch  medium,  very  compact,  largest  wei^'h- 
ing  I  lb. ;  ripe  middle  of  September,  very  productive.     In  growth  it  resembles  Lenoir. 

Longwortll's  Catawba  (Ohio),  large,  dee^ier  color,  and  rather  more  pulp  than  its  parent  the 
Catawba,  and  ripens  rather  later;  vine  hardy,  vigorous,  suited  for  south  of  the  Potomac. 

Louisa,  large,  ovate,  black  with  bloom,  few  seeds,  equal  or  superior  to  Isabella,  ripens  ten 
days  earlier;  cluster  medium,  sometimes  shouldered,  rather  compact;  vine  hardy,  vigorous,  very 
productive. 

Lydia  (Ohio),  medium  size,  round,  yellowish  green,  good  flavor,  more  sprightly  than  Isabella, 
less  aroma  than  Catawba  ;  cluster  small,  irregular,  loose  ;  vine  hardy  and  vigorous.  This  and  the 
"  Mottled  "  originated  with  Charles  Carpenter,  Esq.,  of  Ohio. 

Maddox  (Virginia),  much  resembles  Norton's  Virginia  and  Woodson  in  berry,  bunch  and 
foliage;  berry  dark  brownish  red,  rather  acid  for  table,  makes  good  wine;  vine  hardy,  of  vigor- 
ous growth,  great  bearer,  a  late  variety,  ripening  in  October. 

Mammoth  Catawba  (Ohio),  round,  one  half  larger  than  its  parent  Catawba,  and  of  same  color 
with  bloom,  very  juicy,  rich  as  Catawba,  same  flavor,  but  not  as  sweet,  little  dissolving  pulp,  thin 
skin;  cluster  very  large,  compact  and  heavy,  branching  at  the  top;  vine  vigorous,  rather  tender 
here,  moderately  productive,  which  judicious  culture  may  rectify  ;  ripens  20th  September. 

Manoclianocli  (Penn.),  large,  round,  black,  pulpj^,  thick  skin,  not  sweet,  of  but  little  value. 

Marion,  a  late,  sour,  pulpy,  and  worthless  grape  was  called  by  this  name.  It  has  been  sold 
largely,  but  is  utterly  unworthy  of  culture,  though  confused  by  some  with  the  estimable  varieties. 

Marion  Port  (Ohio),  so  named  on  account  of  its  yielding  a  wine  similar  in  flavor  to  the  best 
Port.  Berry  small,  round,  black,  very  juicy,  sweet,  very  good  flavor,  no  pulp,  slightly  astringent, 
fair  quality  for  table ;  cluster  small  to  medium,  very  compact ;  vine  exceedingly  hardy,  very 
vigorous,  great  and  sure  bearer;  ripens  10th  to  loth  of  Sept.,  matures  its  fruit  well  where  Isabella 
and  Catawba  will  not  ripen.  It  is  a  superior,  and  most  valuable  vineyard  grape,  yielding 
abundant  dark  rich  colored  wine,  and  will  occupy  an  important  position  in  the  future  vineyards 
of  our  country. 

Martlia  (Thayer's),  a  new  variety,  which  by  a  person  who  has  tested  it,  is  "  supposed  equal  to, 
if  it  does  not  excel  every  other  known  native  grape."     We  have  not  tested  its  merits. 

Maryaun,  size  of  Isabella,  round,  dark  dull  black,  much  esteemed,  not  quite  equal  in  quality 
to  Isabella,  but  two  weeks  earlier  ;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous,  highly  productive. 

Massachasetts  White.  We  went  to  Plymouth  the  present  season,  and  endeavored  to  get  a  sight 
of  this  now  celebrated  Grape,  but  in  vain.  We  did,  however,  ascertain  full  details  as  to  a  vine  so 
called,  and  we  hi  consequence  do  not  off'er  such  a  vine  to  our  correspondents. 

Missouri,  obtained  from  Missouri  b}'  us,  and  sent  long  since  to  Cincinnati.  It  is  very  small, 
round,  remarkably  black  with  bloom,  sweet  and  pleasant,  slight  pulp,  thin  skin,  usually  but  one 
seed  ;  cluster  medium,  shouldered,  loose,  growth  not  vigorous,  moderately  productive.  It  is  much 
esteemed  for  its  wine  which  resembles  Madeira. 

Missonri  Bird's  S;ye,  small,  black,  very  sweet,  good,  some  pulp  ;  cluster  long,  loose,  shouldered  ; 
vine  hardy,  fruit  not  subject  to  rot  or  mildew,  good  for  table,  and  makes  excellent  wine,  ripens 
before  Isabella,  a  moderate  bearer. 

Monteitli  (Canandaigua),  may  prove  a  synonym,  early,  medium,  round,  very  sweet  and  good ; 
vine  very  hardy  and  vigorous,  foliage  small;  ripens  two  weeks  before  Isabella. 

Montgomery  (Ala.),  native  of  the  vicinity  of  Montgomery,  Ala.,  where  it  is  called  £lack 
Spanish;  it  much  resembles  the  Lenoir,  and  although  distinct,  is  by  some  deeaied  identical;  the 
cluster  is  more  compact  and  seems  more  symmetrical,  and  the  berries  less  susceptible  to  the  i-ot. 

Mottier's  White  (Ohio),  large,  round,  greenish  white,  rich  Catawba  flavor,  juicy,  good,  tough 


16  DESCRIPTIONS     OF     INDIGENOUS     GRAPES. 

pulp  till  fully  mature ;  cluster  medium,  compact;  vine  productive;  ripeus  1st  October,  which  is 
rather  late  for  this  latitude,  but  it  is  suitable  for  the  South. 

Mottled  (Ohio).  Berry  in  form,  color  and  flavor  resembles  the  Catawba,  but  smaller  and 
perceptibly  mottled  or  shaded;  the  bunch  is  also  much  more  compact  and  of  more  regular  form  ; 
ripens  with  the  Isabella. 

Mustang  (Texas),  rather  below  medium  size,  round,  black  with  bloom,  juicy,  pleasant  flavor, 
dissolving  pulp,  makes  excellent  red  (Claret)  wine;  vine  of  vigorous  rambling  growth,  quite 
distinct  from  Post  Oak,  Scuppernong,  and  Muscadine. 

Nai'fissa  (Ohio),  seedling  from  Isabella,  a  magnificent  grape,  originated  by  E.  Peters,  Esq. ; 
larwe,  oval,  very  dark  with  bloom,  very  sweet,  more  musky  and  delicious  flavor  than  the  parent, 
and  ripens  a  weak  earlier. 

Nannikeg,  seedling  from  Isabella,  same  form  and  flavor,  and  ripens  at  the  same  period  ;  medium 
size,  purplish  red,  darker  than  Catawba,  some  pulp,  pleasant,  productive. 

North  America,  medium  size,  good  quality,  vigorous  growth,  probably  valuable,  not  yet  tested 

by  us. 

North  Garollna,  full  medium,  round,  black,  too  astringent  for  table,  makes  a  good  flavored  dark 
red  wine  similar  to  Claret;  cluster  small  to  medium,  loose ;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous  and  pro- 
ductive; berry  begins  here  to  color  last  of  September;  ripens  fully  10th  October;  it  is  a  large 
variety  of  the  Frost  Grape,  hangs  long,  never  rots  or  mildews  at  the  South  or  West.  In  the  Mis- 
souri vineyards  it  has  produced  1|  gallons  per  vine. 

Northern  Muscadine,  originated  with  the  Shakers ;  medium,  round,  brownish  red  or  dark 
amber,  much  foxy  odor,  some  pulp,  rather  sweet,  juicy  and  pleasant,  little  flavor  or  strength  of 
juice  for  wine  ;  cluster  small  to  medium,  compact,  berries  fall  as  soon  as  ripe;  vine  hardy,  vigor- 
ous, productive ;  matures  fifteen  days  before  Isabella,  makes  a  tolerable  wine  of  little  strength. 
It  is  of  the  Red  Fox  family,  but  an  improvement,  hardier  and  earlier  than  the  Isabella  and  Catawba, 
and  is  said  to  be  much  better  on  dry  than  on  wet  soils. 

Norton's  Virginia,  not  a  hybrid  as  formerly  supposed,  but  a  genuine  indigenous  variety  found 
in  Virginia  and  Carolina.  Fruit  small,  round,  dark  purple,  thin  skin,  pulpy,  juicy,  brisk,  vinous, 
austere  until  fully  ripe,  then  pleasant  and  sweet  for  table  ;  bunch  long,  often  nine  inches,  some- 
times shouldered, 'very  compact;  vine  so  very  hardy  that  it  succeeds  in  Massachusetts,  remarkably- 
vigorous,  produces  most  abundant  and  never-failing  crops.  It  is  free  from  all  mildew  and  rot  at 
the  South  and  West,  and  is  so  rustic  that  it  will  grow  on  any  soil.  It  is  a  very  important  wine 
"■rape,  producing  an  excellent,  dark  colored,  high  flavored  juice,  competing  with  tlie  best  Port 
Wine  ;  ripens  beginning  of  September,  hangs  long  and  improves.  "We  only  know  of  three  varieties 
superior  to  this  for  red  wine,  and  they  are  yet  scarce.  This  variety  does  not  propagate  by  cut- 
tings, but  by  layers  or  grafting. 

"  Oconee,  Niesler's  (Georgia),  a  vine  with  unique  small  deep  green  foliage,  dissimilar  to  any 
other,  but  approximates  to  that  of  two  other  Southern  varieties ;  berry  yet  unknown  to  us. 

Ofifer  (Ohio),  a  genuine  Labrusca  variety,  although  pretended  to  have  been  grown  from  a 
raisin  seed ;  large,  light  glossy  brown,  thick  skin,  very  sweet,  musky ;  cluster  large,  very  com- 
pact, rather  earlier  than  Isabella,  and  is  larger  and  hardier,  hangs  long  and  improves ;  vine  vigor- 
ous and  productive. 

Ohio  Claret,  small,  very  dark,  fair  quality  for  table  when  fully  ripe  ;  excellent  for  wine  ;  vine 
robust  and  prolific  ;  ripens  same  time  as  Isabella. 

Ohio  Globose,  medium,  round,  black,  juicj^,  fair  quality,  thin  skin,  resembles  Alexander  but  not 
aslaree;  cluster  medium  ;  ripens  10th  of  Septembei". 

Ohio  Prolific  small,  round,  purplish,  sprightly  acid,  vinous,  not  sweet,  pleasant  flavor,  good ; 
clusters  small,  but  very  numerous;  vine  extremely  robust  and  vigorous;  ripens  middle  of  Sept. 

Ontario  (Canada),  deemed  the  largest  of  grapes;  berry  1  to  1^  inches  in  diameter,  splendid 
appeai-ance,  round,  black,  but  little  pulp,  thin  skin,  by  some  stated  to  be  only  tolerable  in  quality, 
and  by  others  about  equal  to  Isabella  ;  bunch  very  large  ;  vine  extremely  vigorous  and  hardy  at 
42'=  North  Lat. ;  ripens  in  September  ;  not  tested  by  us. 

Ozarli  Favorite,  medium  size,  vinous,  purple  juice  ;  cluster  medium,  compact,  makes  a  peculiar 
sprightly  aromatic  wine ;  ripens  last  week  in  September. 

Pauline  (Southern),  the  finest  native  grape  of  the  South  ;  fruit  medium  size,  brownish  crim- 
son, thin  skin,  very  sweet,  delicious,  no  pulp;  cluster  large,  shouldered,  compact;  vine  vigorous, 
productive;  allied  to  Lenoir. 

Perfnnied  or  Mignonette— Vitis  Biparia,  grows  naturally  at  Niagara  Falls,  a  male  vine  pro- 
ducing exquisitely  scented  flowers;  vine  of  most  luxuriant  and  rapid  growth  for  arbors  or 
screens. 

Periiius  (Mass.),  beautiful,  large,  round,  pale  bronze  with  bloom,  juicy,  agreeable  flavor,  not 
sweet,  pleasant  musky  odor,  pulpy,  skin  medium  ;  cluster  large,  long,  compact.  It  is  intermediate 
between  Catawba  and  Red  Fox;  vine  very  hardy  for  the  Korth,  vigorous  and  productive.  It  is 
earlier,  hardier,  and  a  greater  bearer  than  the  Diana,  but  not  equal  in  quality.  This  must  not  be 
confused  with  the  Eudora  or  Perkins,  which  is  a  large,  coarse.  Fox  variety  of  little  value. 

Pioneer,  probably  synonym,  said  to  resemble  Isabella,  fair  quality  ;  vine  very  liardy ;  ripens 
in  September;  not  yet  tested  by  us. 


DESCRIPTIONS     OF     INDIGENOUS     GRAPES.  lY 

Paschel's  Slamniotb,  seedling  of  Mammoth  Catawba,  of  better  flavor,  beautiful  color,  not  much 
subject  to  rot  at  the  South ;  vine  vigorous,  but  rather  tender  here. 

Pond's  Seedling  (Mass.),  small,  round,  blue,  pleasant,  fair  quality;  cluster  long;  vine  very 
hardy  and  vigorous. 

Potter — Potter's  Catawba  (Conn.),  very  large,  round,  a  little  compressed,  dark  amber,  skin 
medium,  juicy,  pulpy,  somewhat  fo.\y,  pleasant  flavor,  very  sweet  at  full  maturity,  intermediate 
between  Catawba  and  Red  Fox,  sweeter  and  earlier  than  Concord  ;  vine  close-jointed,  very  hardy, 
exceedingly  vigorous,  and  a  profuse  bearer. 

Pnrdy's  Prolific,  a  variety  of  Red  Fox,  medium  size,  pale,  dingy  red,  becoming  dull  dark  red 
at  full  maturity,  thick  skin,  juicy,  sweet,  pleasant,  pulpy;  very  hardy  and  exceedingly  robust, 
suited  to  the  North,  and  very  productive ;  ripe  10th  of  September. 

Pnrple  Catawba,  very  early,  same  size,  form,  and  quality  as  the  Catawba,  but  of  a  purplish 
hue  when  fully  ripe,  quite  sweet,  good  flavor,  estimable.  It  matures  from  loth  to  20th  of  August, 
a  month  before  the  Catawba;  the  vine  is  more  hardy,  exceedingly  strong  and  vigorous,  very  pro- 
ductive. 

Raabe — Honey,  small,  round,  purple,  very  sweet,  vinous,  pleasant  flavor  ;  cluster  small,  some- 
times shouldered;  vine  hardy,  productive;  is  probably  a  hybrid  V)etweeQ  Catawba  and  Elsin- 
burg,  superior  to  either. 

Ramsdell,  large,  round,  dull  red,  juicy,  quite  sweet,  pulpy,  fragrant,  very  pleasant,  thick 
skin;  vine  one  of  the  most  hardy,  exceedingly  vigorous  and  productive,  many  bushels  being  pro- 
duced on  a  single  vine  ;  matures  its  fruit  well  at  the  North  where  the  Isabella  and  Catawba  fail 
entirely  ;  very  early,  ripens  the  last  of  August.     It  is  best  flavored  on  a  light  and  not  rich  soil. 

Eebeeca,  an  estimable  seedling  of  the  Golden  Chasselas,  medium  size,  amber,  round,  thin  skin, 
juicy,  sweet,  same  flavor  as  its  parent,  more  hardness  of  pulp  than  the  European  varieties  ;  cluster 
medium  compact.  It  forms  extensive  shoots,  but  of  slender  growth.  Its  habit,  sensitiveness,  and 
proneness  to  mildew,  accord  precisely  with  the  foreign  Chasselas  varieties.  It  ripens  middle  of 
September,  but  can  never  be  adopted  in  vineyard  culture.  This  is  the  only  variety  we  have  de- 
scribed in  this  class  that  does  not  belong  to  the  indigenous  species. 

St.  Catherine  (Mass.),  originated  in  1850  in  the  garden  of  J.  W.  Clark,  Esq.,  and  fruited  there 
first  in  1853.  Berry  large,  same  color  as  Catawba,  which  it  resembles  ;  juicy,  very  delicious,  thin 
skin,  sprightly,  subacid,  fine  flavor  when  fully  ripe,  soft  pulp,  larger  than  Concord  and  less  foxy; 
ripens  two  weeks  earlier,  at  the  beginning  of  September;  cluster  loose,  sometimes  shouldered; 
vme  very  hardy,  vigorous,  great  bearer  ;  ripens  its  fruit  well  even  where  the  Diana  and  Concord 
fail,  which  is  a  highly  important  fact;  hangs  on  well.  It  is  supposed  to  be  a  cro.s8  between  the 
Red  Fox  and  C^atawba;  it  is  difficult  to  grow  from  cuttings. 

Saluda,  said  to  be  a  Southern  seedling  of  Isabella,  and  much  resembles  it,  berries  more  oval  ; 
clusters  not  so  large  and  more  open  or  loose. 

Scnppernong,  White,  rather  large,  round,  bronzed,  white  at  maturity,  without  pulp,  thick 
skin,  very  sweet,  finely  flavored  for  table,  makes  most  exquisite  wine,  the  aroma  of  which  sur- 
passes all  other  wines.  The  clusters  are  very  small,  but  the  crop  is  immense.  The  fruit  matures 
here  at  the  end  of  September,  but  the  vine  must  be  pruned  to  a  single  stem  at  the  base  and  be  kept 
free  of  suckers.  A  traveled  ignoramus  states  that  this  vine  is  a  native  of  Greece,  when  in  point 
of  fact  no  similar  species  of  grape  has  ever  been  found  growing  naturally  in  Europe,  and  this 
distinct  species  covers  naturally  a  region  of  our  country  more  than  twenty  times  the  extent  of 
Greece.  The  whole  growth,  foliage,  and  wood  distinguish  this  family  of  grapes  from  all  others, 
They  cannot  be  grown  from  cuttings  with  facility. 

Scnppernong,  Bine  or  Black,  same  size  and  form  of  berry,  and  same  foliage,  growth,  and  habit 
as  the  White  variety,  but  usually  produces  a  greater  crop,  which  matures  at  a  rather  later  period. 
The  berries  hang  long  after  the  frost  has  destroyed  the  foliage,  and  are  then  very  delicious  ;  the 
skin  is  thicker  and  the  pulp  firmer  than  the  White,  requiring  more  force  to  express  the  juice. 

Scnppernong,  Bnia,  round,  very  large,  about  twice  the  size  of  the  White  and  Blue  varieties, 
V)ears  nearly  as  abundantly,  is  less  palatable,  but  makes  very  good  wine. 

Schnyler  (New  York),  over  medium,  round,  juicy,  not  sweet ;  vine  hardy,  productive,  ripe 
middle  of  September. 

Shepherd  (Ohio),  a  seedling  of  the  Catawba,  originated  by  the  Rev.  J.«N.  Shepherd,  a  most 
intelligent  and  indefatigable  colaborer  in  the  Vineyard.  Berry  round,  paler  color,  and  larger 
than  the  parent;  sweeter,  more  tender,  and  less  astringent;  same  aroma,  ripens  at  same  period; 
bunch  medium  to  large,  shouldered,  more  compact  than  parent.  An  improvement,  and  an  im- 
portant acqiiisition. 

Shnrtleff  (Mass.)  The  original  vine  of  this  name  was  grown  from  foreign  seed,  and  has  been 
cast  aside.  The  present  one  is  an  indigenous  seedling,  medium  or  rather  small,  round,  black  with 
bloom  ;  flavor  sprightly  and  refreshing,  the  sweet  and  acid  being  pleasantly  blended  ;  dissolving 
pulp,  no  foxy  taste,  does  not  fall  off;  cluster  medium  size,  shouldered  ;  vinejperfectly  hardy,  with 
slender  shoots  of  great  length  ;  a  moderate  bearer.  Its  buds  expand  later  than  the  Isabella,  and 
it  ripens  its  fruit  two  weeks  sooner  than  that  variety. 

Snmmer  Black,  a  variety  of  Black  Fox.  early,  medium,   round,  black,  sweet,  thick  skin,  foxy, 
pleasant;  cluster  small ;  excellent  for  cjnserves ;  vine  very  vigorous,  quickly  covering  an  arbor, 
profuse  bearer,  ripens  end  of  August,  very  hardy  and  suitable  for  the  North. 
3 


l8 


DESCRIPTIONS    OF     INDIGENOUS     GRAPES 


Swatara,  very  early,  small,  black,  sweet,  tolerably  good;  cluster  small,  very  compact;  viae 
vigorous  and  productive ;  ripens  beginning  of  September. 

Taylor — Bnllitt  (Kentucky),  this  fine  variety  -was  brought  to  special  notice  by  Hon.  John  G. 
Taylor.  Fruit  medium  size,  white  or  amber,  juicy,  very  sweet,  fine  flavor,  thin  skin,  very  estima- 
ble, promises  to  be  fully  equal  to  the  Anna;  bunch  medium,  compact,  never  rots  or  mildews; 
vine  in  growth  much  like  the  Lenoir,  young  wood  and  foliage  smooth,  exceedingly  vigorous,  has 
made  annual  shoots  of  twenty  feet.  It  is  more  hardy  than  Isabella  or  Catawba,  a  great  bearer, 
succeeds  best  without  much  pruning ;  ripens  25th  of  August.  The  bunch  and  berry  a  little  less 
in  size  than  the  Catawba. 

Texas  Bine  Slnscadine,  peculiar  foliage,  resembling  the  Post  Oak  ;  vine  rambles  greatly  ;  fruit 
very  good  flavor,  and  ripens  early. 

Texas  Post  Oak — Baccbanalian,  an  estimable  variety  of  fine  flavor;  vine  does  not  run  much  ; 
foliage  very  peculiar,  resembling  the  leaves  of  the  Post  Oak  ;  ripens  early. 

Texas  Sand  Hill,  grows  on  the  sandy  hills  of  Texas,  and  will  probably  prove  synonymous  with 
some  other  described  variety.     The  fruit  is  said  to  be  very  good. 

To  Kalon  (Lansingburg),  large,  ovate  or  round,  blue-black  with  bloom,  very  sweet,  buttery, 
delicate  aroma,  no  pulp  or  foxy  flavor  when  matured;  cluster  large,  shouldered,  vine  perfectly 
hardy,  and  in  rich  soil  it  bears  abundantly ;  ripens  ten  days  before  Isabella,  and  is  superior  to  it. 

Transparent  (N.  Ca.),  very  large,  round,  red,  acid,  ripens  early;  vine  very  vigorous;  not  yet 
fully  tested. 

Troy  (N.  Y.)  This  is  often  called  Black  Hamburg  at  Troy  in  this  State ;  berry  large,  oval,  dark 
purple,  closely  resembling  Isabella  in  form  and  appearance,  not  equal  in  quality,  but  more  hardy 
and  rather  earlier.  It  is  very  juicy,  sprightly  acid,  becoming  sweeter  at  maturity,  thin  skin,  good 
for  table  and  wine  ;  vine  very  robust,  grows  most  vigorously,  and  bears  profusely.  Some  vines 
have  produced  ten  to  fifteen  bushels  each. 

Union  Village  (Ohio),  berry  very  large,  equaling  the  Black  Hamburg,  round,  black  with  bloom, 
very  juicy,  dissolving  pulp,  good  flavor,  few  seeds,  thin  skin,  similar  in  quality  to  Isabella,  and  by 
many  deemed  superior ;  cluster  very  large,  compact,  often  weighing  a  pound;  extremely  showy, 
hangs  long  uninjured  by  frost  and  improves;  vine  one  of  the  most  robust  and  vigorous,  large 
foliage,  ripens  a  week  before  Isabella.  The  vigorous  shoots  on  young  vines  are  sometimes  injured 
by  tbe  winter,  and  should  be  protected  until  the  vines  are  three  or  four  years  old. 

Venango — Miner  (Tenn.),  size  of  Catawba,  round,  brownish  lilac  or  dark  dove-color  with 
bloom,  rather  thick  skin,  juicy,  fnir  quality,  tough  pulp  dissolving  at  maturity,  with  a  peculiar' 
aromatic  flavor,  valuable  for  flavoring  wines  and  cookery;  cluster  compact;  by  many  much  es- 
teemed for  wine.  A  vine  of  very  hardy  and  remarkably  vigorous  character,  it  having  made 
shoots  of  fifty  feet,  ripens  two  weeks  before  Catawba. 

Vine  Arbor  (N.  Ca.),  above  medium,  round,  black,  sweet,  good  for  table,  makes  good  wine  ; 
vine  very  productive  ;  ripens  late. 

Virginian  Amber,  small,  pale  red,  estimable  ;  vine  very  hardy,  vigorous  and  productive. 

WaC'bita,  also  called  Mountain  Grape,  a  native  of  Louisiana,  represented  as  one  of  the  most 
excellent  native  varieties. 

Warren.  This  we  know  to  be  correct,  as  we  originally  received  it  direct  from  General 
McCall,  of  "Warrenton,  Ga.  It  is  entirely  distinct  from  the  Herbemont,  with  which  it  has  been 
confused.  Fruit  small,  blue  with  profuse  bloom,  brisk,  sprightly,  very  pleasant,  free  of  all  pulp 
or  foxy  flavor,  and  with  few  or  no  seeds;  cluster  large,  long,  loose,  and  straggling;  leaves  very 
large,  very  deeply  five-lobed  with  small  additional  indentations  of  the  central  lobe;  the  wood 
his  a  grayish  cast,  the  vine  grows  slowly  here  at  first,  being  rather  tender,  but  when  older  and  in 
a  favorable  position  it  makes  immense  shoots. 

Warren's  Catawba,  a  seedling  of  the  Catawba,  and  nearly  of  the  same  size ;  white,  a  little 
bronzed  on  the  sunny  side,  has  a  thick  bloom,  early,  flavor  similar  to  the  parent,  a  little  more 
foxy,  exceedingly  sweet,  said  to  be  superior  to  Isabella  or  Concord  ;  cluster  medium,  hangs  long, 
and  improves  ;  vine  very  hardy  in  Massachusetts,  vigorous  and  productive  ;  ripens  ten  days  be- 
fore Isabella.  It  makes  a  most  delicious  wine  of  the  genuine  Catawba  flavor,  a  fact  we  ourselves 
have  proved. 

White  Catawba,  berry  size  of  parent,  greenish  white,  very  sweet,  pleasant  flavor,  estimable  for 
table,  but  at  the  South  is  subject  to  rot ;  vine  same  habit  as  the  parent. 

Wilcox,  small,  greenish  white,  acid,  only  suitable  for  wine ;  vine  vigorous,  productive,  ripens 
late  ;  suited  to  the  South,  where,  without  doubt,  the  fruit  will  be  improved  in  quality. 

Wilmington  (Del.),  medium,  amber  white,  oval,  very  spicy,  high  flavored,  estimable ;  vine 
productive. 

Wine  Home,  medium  size,  black,  vinous ;  cluster  long  and  loose ;  makes  a  firm  spicy  wine, 
which  in  six  to  twelve  months  attains  a  high  value  ;  ripens  last  week  in  September. 

Winslow  (Ohio),  small,  same  type  as  Clinton,  ripens  two  weeks  before  Isabella;  vine  hardy 
and  vigorous.  It  is  a  genuine  native,  although  sent  forth  as  a  raisin  seedling.  Professor  Kirtland 
states  that  he  has  not  recommended  it,  yet  his  name  has  been  attached  to  it 

Wintermoot  (Penn.),  round,  black,  juicy,  very  good  flavor,  vine  vigorous  and  productive. 

Winton  (N.  Y.),  early,  small,  round,  very  sweet,  juicy,  vinous,  some  pulp,  extremely  sacchar- 
ine, pleaaant  for  table,  good  for  wine;  cluster  rather  loose.     A  seedling  of  the  same  family  as  the 


ALLEN'SHYBRID     GRAPES.  19 

r 
Lenoir,  ripens  three  weeks  before  the  Isabella;  vine  very  hardy,  adapted  to  the  North;  very 
productive. 

Woodson  (Virginia),  medium  size,  round,  somewhat  compressed,  dull  purple  or  chocolate  color 
with  bloom,  very  peculiar  color,  juicy,  vinous,  sprightly  acid,  little  dissolving  pulp,  no  foxy  flavor, 
thin  skin;  not  pleasant  for  table,  but  makes  tolerable  wine;  cluster  long;  ripens  near  end  of 
September. 

Wright's  Isabella  (Penu.),  cluster  and  berry  same  size  as  Franklin,  ripens  perfectly,  earlier 
than  Isabella,  fully  equal  in  flavor  and  more  valuable. 

Wyoming  (Penn.),  medium  size,  glossy  black,  thin  skin,  very  juicy,  pleasant  flavor,  excellent 
for  wine,  hangs  long  on  the  vine  ;  very  hardy,  vigorous  and  productive. 

York  Madeira  (Penn.),  small,  roundish,  nearly  black  with  bloom,  juicy,  sweet,  but  little  pulp, 
rich,  vinous,  pleasant,  peculiar  flavor,  cluster  medium,  very  compact,  sometimes  shouldered,  in 
appearance  nearest  to  Clinton,  quality  between  that  and  Isabella  ;  vine  short-jointed,  very  hardy, 
suited  to  the  North ;  vigorous,  extremely  productive ;  foliage  medium  size,  deep  green  ;  it  makes 
excellent  wine  ;  ripens  twelve  days  before  Isabella. 

Young's  Seedling  (Ohio),  same  size,  flavor,  and  quality  as  Isabella,  from  which  it  is  a  seedling, 
ovate,  purple  with  bloom  ;  cluster  medium,  shouldered ;  ripens  middle  of  September. 

4: 


ALLEN'S    HYBRID    GRAPES. 

Allen's  No.  5. — A  Hybrid  purple  or  black  grape  not  yet  named,  from  seed  of  the  Isabella  ;  fruit 
roundish  or  ovate,  resembles  its  American  parent,  with  less  pulp  and  foxiness,  and  is  preferred 
by  some  persons;  foliage  large,  and  in  general  form  and  appearance  resembles  the  European  va- 
rieties, having  no  down  on  the  under  side  ;  ripens  at  same  time  as  the  Isabella,  and  is  quite  as 
hardy,  and  probably  more  so. 

Allen's  Bfos.  7&  8. — Not  named;  are  both  round,  purplish,  black  grapes,  very  good,  but  only 
suitable  for  the  South.  In  fact,  most  of  Mr.  Allen's  seedlings  have  proved  to  be  late  in  ripening, 
except  his  Nos.  5,  9,  and  13. 

Allen's  No.  9. — A  very  superior  grape,  devoid  of  all  pulp,  very  juicy  and  delicious,  as  delicate 
and  saccharineas  the  finest  Chasselas  ;  berry  round  or  compressed,  white,  with  a  pink  amber  tinge 
in  the  sun,  as  hardy  as  the  Isabella  and  Catawba,  and  ripens  two  to  three  weeks  before  the  former; 
a  seedling  from  the  Isabella  impregnated  by  the  Chasselas  ;  vine  extremely  vigorous ;  foliage  very 
diverse  in  form,  unlike  either  the  European  or  American  varieties.  It  succeeds  well  both  in  the 
forcing  house  and  the  cold  vinery. 

Allen's  No.  13. — A  Hybrid  black  grape,  not  yet  named,  veiy  early,  oval,  firm  flesh,  less  pulp 
than  Isabella,  of  good  quality  and  vahialsle  for  the  table,  but  with  the  foxy  flavor  in  an  unequal 
degree,  some  berries  being  free  from  it.  The  foliai;e  assimilates  to  the  Isabella,  fruit  ripens  three 
weeks  before  it,  and  at  the  same  time  with  the  preceding,  but  is  not  equal  in  quality. 

Allen's  Black  Hambarg,  is  not  a  hybrid;  it  is  as  tender  as  the  other  Hamburg  varieties  ,and 
only  suitable  for  the  vinery  or  for  the  Southern  States, 

Note. — As  so  many  attempts  to  hybridize  European  and  American  grapes  have  been  unsuc- 
cessful, we  would  suggest  that  these  failures  are  attributable  to  two  causes  ;  one  arising,  doubt- 
lees,  from  the  peculiar  character  of  their  inflorescence,  and  the  other  from  a  natui-al  aversion, 
mesalliance  or  nonsanguinity.  In  proof  of  this  latter  position,  which  is  far  the  most  difficult  im- 
pediment to  surmount  (and  perhaps  not  even  yet  surmounted  save  in  imagination),  we  will  refer 
to  the  fact  that  Monsieur  Vibert,  an  eminent  amateur  grape  cultivator  ofFiance,  succeeded  many 
years  since  in  producing  about  twenty  hybrid  varieties,  and  inserted  them  in  his  catalogue  as 
such,  and  sold  young  vines  propagated  from  them  before  he  had  fruited  them.  When  the  period 
came  for  bis  parent  vines  to  produce  fruit,  they  all  proved  barren  (mules)  and  were  thrown  aside 
as  worthless.  We  obtained  these  vines,  and  cultivated  them  for  several  years  without  ever  ob- 
taining a  single  berry. 

It  is  a  singular  fact  that  the  same  incompatibility  exists  between  all  the  European  and  Ameri- 
can species  and  varieties  of  the  strawberry.  There  never  has  been  a  perfect  hybrid  produced. 
We  once  obtained  five  seedlings  that  were  most  perfectly  blended  in  the  foliage ;  they  were  pro- 
fuse in  their  bloom,  but  proved  utterly  barren  (mules). 


20  CULTUREOFTHEVINE 


CULTURE  OF  THE  VINE. 

This  subject  will  be  fully  discussed  and  explained  in  a  "Treatise  on  tlie  Vine"  -wbich  is  now 
in  preparation  by  Wm.  R.  Prince.  It  comprises  Uiree  divisions,  each  jierfectly  distinct  in  Vs 
character. 

1st.  Vineyard,  or  Field  Culture. 

2d.    Garden  Culture  on  Walls  or  Trellises. 

3d.    Vineries,  or  House-Culture. 

The  first  (Vineyard  Culture)  is  of  so  much  more  importance  to  all  Wine-producing  countries 
than  either  or  both  of  the  other  tw^o  sections,  that  in  France  it  has  been  denominated  "  Le  Grand 
Culture." 

The  various  heads  to  be  duly  considered,  are  the  following ; — 

Selection  of  the  locality  and  plan  of  the  Vineyard. 

Selection  of  the  varieties  of  the  Grape. 

Preparation  of  Soil. 

Best  period  for  planting  Vines. 

Propagation  of  Vines  by  Cuttings,  Layering,  Engraftmg,  <fec. 

Selection  of  Vines  of  suitable  age  and  size. 

Distances  and  training  of  the  Vines. 

Pruning,  a  most  important  point,  hitherto  greatly  misunderstood  and  mipapidied. 

General  Treatment  of  the  Vineyard  until  it  attains  a  bearing  age. 

Treatment  of  the  Vineyard  in  perpetuity. 

Winter-protection  of  Vines,  when  necessary. 

The  Vintage. 


EVERBEARING  MULBEKRIES,  AND  OTHERS. 

Downing's  Everbearing,  large  and  excellent 75  to  1  00 

Hick's  Everbearing,  large  and  excellent 50  to  1   00 

Black  Circassian,  mucet  black  fruit 50 

Black  Chinese  or  Persian,  large  acid  fruit 60  to      75 

Chinese  Lhou,  white  fruit 75 

American  Red,  pleasant  acid  fruits 38  to      50 


Sweet  Almond,  for  Orchards,  per  100 25  00 

Figs,  50  select  varieties,  per  lUO 30  00 


